PSY 233 Final Flashcards
personality is an individual’s characteristic patterns of ___
behavior, emotion, thought
when he is scared, 25 year old Mark sleeps with his old “blankie” he is experiencing ___
regression
which brain structure plays a role in judging whether stimuli offer threats or rewards?
amygdala
the psychological goal of attachment is to ___
feel secure
a woman who mates with unstable but attractive men follows a reproductive strategy called what?
the sexy son hypothesis
the highest need proposed by Maslow was ___
self-actualization
___ societies assume that all persons are essentially equal
horizontal
the tendency to see members of a group you don’t belong to as similar to each other is called:
out-group homogeneity bais
the idea that in time you can get used to almost anything is which learning mechanism?
habituation
repeating the items on a grocery list over and over again in your mind is an example of what?
rehearsal
a major criteria for personality disorders is that they cause major problems ___
for the person or for others
what are the 3 D’s discussed in class?
deviance, dysfunction, distress
chemicals that facilitate communication between neurons are called
neurotransmitters
bob is frustrated at his boss so he goes outside and steps on a flower. this is an example of:
displacement
most personality researchers agree that there are ___ personality traits
5
what is the order of freud’s major stages of psychosexual development?
oral, anal, phallic, genital
modern psychoanalytic theory deviates from freudian theory because it focuses less on ___ and ___
sex, ego
___ refers to the genetic structure that leads to the observable ___
genotype, phenotype
the notion that humans could improve through selective breeding is called ___
eugenics
what makes up the psychoanalytic triad?
thoughts, behavior, feelings
what does ‘pigeonholing’ mean?
categorizing and labeling people
what are the big 5?
openness, consciousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
which age group is likely to have the greatest amount of stability in their personality traits?
adults between 50-70
a researcher focused on the most important/basic personality traits is taking which approach?
essential trait
___ is the term for the time, place, and circumstances into which you happened to be born
thrown-ness
flow arises when ones activity entails a balance between ___ and ___
skill, challenges
___ cultures emphasize the needs of the group
collectivist
in pavlov’s studies, when the bell rang dogs did what?
began to salivate
according to the text, learning theorists emphasize ___ in influencing ones behaviors
situations
what refers to the idea that recently activated concepts in the mind influence our perception?
priming
what term describes someone low in emotional intelligence?
alexithymic
long term memory is ___
permanent memory storage
what emotion arises from discrepancies between ideal and actual selves?
depression
a consistent tendency to experience positive/energizing emotions is a feature of what trait?
extraversion
___ is a desired end state, and ___ is how an individual achieves this end state
goal, strategy
we can be 100% certain that all of our ancestors have done what?
had children
what term refers to brain regions that have been injured, removed, or destroyed
lesions
according to freud, which part of the mind is irrational and emotional
id
the therapeutic technique of instructing the patient to say whatever comes to mind is called:
free association
Personality psychology and clinical psychology overlap most often when approaching which topic?
personality disorders
What is a primary goal of the trait approach to personality?
measuring and conceptualizing individual differences
