PSY 233 Final

Question 1

personality is an individual’s characteristic patterns of ___

Answer 1

behavior, emotion, thought

Question 2

when he is scared, 25 year old Mark sleeps with his old “blankie” he is experiencing ___

Answer 2

regression

Question 3

which brain structure plays a role in judging whether stimuli offer threats or rewards?

Answer 3

amygdala

Question 4

the psychological goal of attachment is to ___

Answer 4

feel secure

Question 5

a woman who mates with unstable but attractive men follows a reproductive strategy called what?

Answer 5

the sexy son hypothesis

Question 6

the highest need proposed by Maslow was ___

Answer 6

self-actualization

Question 7

___ societies assume that all persons are essentially equal

Answer 7

horizontal

Question 8

the tendency to see members of a group you don’t belong to as similar to each other is called:

Answer 8

out-group homogeneity bais

Question 9

the idea that in time you can get used to almost anything is which learning mechanism?

Answer 9

habituation

Question 10

repeating the items on a grocery list over and over again in your mind is an example of what?

Answer 10

rehearsal

Question 11

a major criteria for personality disorders is that they cause major problems ___

Answer 11

for the person or for others

Question 12

what are the 3 D’s discussed in class?

Answer 12

deviance, dysfunction, distress

Question 13

chemicals that facilitate communication between neurons are called

Answer 13

neurotransmitters

Question 14

bob is frustrated at his boss so he goes outside and steps on a flower. this is an example of:

Answer 14

displacement

Question 15

most personality researchers agree that there are ___ personality traits

Answer 15

5

Question 16

what is the order of freud’s major stages of psychosexual development?

Answer 16

oral, anal, phallic, genital

Question 17

modern psychoanalytic theory deviates from freudian theory because it focuses less on ___ and ___

Answer 17

sex, ego

Question 18

___ refers to the genetic structure that leads to the observable ___

Answer 18

genotype, phenotype

Question 19

the notion that humans could improve through selective breeding is called ___

Answer 19

eugenics

Question 20

what makes up the psychoanalytic triad?

Answer 20

thoughts, behavior, feelings

Question 21

what does ‘pigeonholing’ mean?

Answer 21

categorizing and labeling people

Question 22

what are the big 5?

Answer 22

openness, consciousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

Question 23

which age group is likely to have the greatest amount of stability in their personality traits?

Answer 23

adults between 50-70

Question 24

a researcher focused on the most important/basic personality traits is taking which approach?

Answer 24

essential trait

Question 25

___ is the term for the time, place, and circumstances into which you happened to be born

Answer 25

thrown-ness

Question 26

flow arises when ones activity entails a balance between ___ and ___

Answer 26

skill, challenges

Question 27

___ cultures emphasize the needs of the group

Answer 27

collectivist

Question 28

in pavlov’s studies, when the bell rang dogs did what?

Answer 28

began to salivate

Question 29

according to the text, learning theorists emphasize ___ in influencing ones behaviors

Answer 29

situations

Question 30

what refers to the idea that recently activated concepts in the mind influence our perception?

Answer 30

priming

Question 31

what term describes someone low in emotional intelligence?

Answer 31

alexithymic

Question 32

long term memory is ___

Answer 32

permanent memory storage

Question 33

what emotion arises from discrepancies between ideal and actual selves?

Answer 33

depression

Question 34

a consistent tendency to experience positive/energizing emotions is a feature of what trait?

Answer 34

extraversion

Question 35

___ is a desired end state, and ___ is how an individual achieves this end state

Answer 35

goal, strategy

Question 36

we can be 100% certain that all of our ancestors have done what?

Answer 36

had children

Question 37

what term refers to brain regions that have been injured, removed, or destroyed

Answer 37

lesions

Question 38

according to freud, which part of the mind is irrational and emotional

Answer 38

id

Question 39

the therapeutic technique of instructing the patient to say whatever comes to mind is called:

Answer 39

free association

Question 40

Personality psychology and clinical psychology overlap most often when approaching which topic?

Answer 40

personality disorders

Question 41

What is a primary goal of the trait approach to personality?

Answer 41

measuring and conceptualizing individual differences