Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

bio 121 > PSY 221 Final > Flashcards

PSY 221 Final Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

interpersonal attraction

A

the desire to approach other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

social comparison theory

A

the theory that proposes that we evaluate our thoughts and actions by comparing them with those of others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

social exchange theory

A

theory that proposes that we seek out and maintain those relationships in which the rewards exceed the cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

physical attractiveness stereotype

A

belief that physically attractive individuals possess socially desirable personality traits and lead happier lives than less attractive persons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

body esteem

A

a persons attitude toward his or her body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

matching hypothesis

A

the proposition that people are attracted to others who are similar to them in particular characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

social anxiety

A

the unpleasant emotion people experience due to their concern with interpersonal evaluation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

loneliness

A

having a smaller or less than satisfactory network of social intimate relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

intimacy

A

sharing that which is inmost with others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

attachment

A

the strong emotional bond between an infant and a caregiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

secure attachment style

A

an expectation about social relationships characterized by trust, a lack of concern with being abandoned, and a feeling of being valued and well liked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

preoccupied attachment style

A

an expectation about social relationships characterized by trust but combined with a feeling of being unworthy of others’ love and fear of abandonment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dismissing-avoidant attachment style

A

an expectation about social relationships characterized by low trust and avoidance of intimacy, combined with high self-esteem and compulsive self-reliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

fearful-avoidant attachment style

A

an expectation about social relationships characterized by low trust and avoidance of intimacy, combined with a feeling of being unworthy of others’ love and a fear of rejection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

self-disclosure

A

the revealing of personal information about oneself to other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

social penetration theory

A

a theory that describes the development of close relationships in terms of increasing self-disclosure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

passionate love

A

a state of intense longing for union with another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

two-factor theory of emotions

A

a theory that emotional experience is based on two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive labeling of the cause of that arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

excitation transfer

A

a psychological process in which arousal caused by one stimulus is transferred and added to arousal elicited by a second stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

companionate love

A

the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined

21
Q

equity theory

A

the theory that people are most satisfied in a relationship when the ratio between rewards and costs is similar for both partners

22
Q

aggression

A

any form of behavior that is intended to harm or unjust some person, oneself, or an object

23
Q

instrumental aggression

A

the intentional use of harmful behavior so that one can achieve some other goal

24
Q

hostile aggression

A

the intentional use of harmful behavior in which the goal is simply to cause injury or death to the victim

25
Q

indirect aggression

A

a form of aggressive manipulation involving attempts to harm another person without a face-to-face encounter (aka relational aggression)

26
Q

delegitimization

A

the process of cognitively placing an out group into an extremely negative social category that excludes them from acceptable norms and values, thereby eliminating inhibitions against harming them

27
Q

frustration-aggression hypothesis

A

theory that frustration causes aggression

28
Q

catharsis

A

the reduction in aggressive drive following an aggressive act

29
Q

cognitive-neoassociationist model

A

theory of impulsive aggression that aversive events produce negative affect, which stimulates the inclination to aggress

30
Q

social learning theory

A

a theory that social behavior is primarily learned by observing and imitating the actions of others, and secondarily by being directly rewarded and punished for our own actions

31
Q

aggressive scripts

A

guides for behavior and problem solving that are developed and stored in memory and are characterized by aggression

32
Q

culture of honor

A

a belief system in which males are socialized to protect their reputation by restoring violence

33
Q

prosocial behavior

A

voluntary behavior that is carried out to benefit another person

34
Q

egotistic helping

A

a form of helping in which the ultimate goal of the helper is to increase his or her own welfare

35
Q

altruistic helping

A

a form of helping in which the ultimate goal of the helper is to increase another’s welfare without expecting anything in return

36
Q

kin selection

A

theory that people will exhibit preferences for helping blood relatives because this will increase odds that their genes will be transmitted to subsequent generations

37
Q

reciprocal helping

A

an evolutionary principle stating that people expect that anyone helping another will have that favor returned at some future time, also known as reciprocal altruism

38
Q

norm of social responsibility

A

a social norm stating that we should help when others are in need and are dependent on us

39
Q

norm of social justice

A

a social norm stating that we should help only when we believe others deserve our assistance

40
Q

empathy

A

a feeling of compassion and tenderness upon viewing a victims plight

41
Q

personal distress

A

an unpleasant state of arousal in which people are preoccupied with their own emotions of anxiety, fear, or helplessness upon viewing a victims plight

42
Q

bystander intervention model

A

a theory that whether bystanders intervene in an emergency is a function of a five step decision-making process

43
Q

audience inhibition effect

A

people are inhibited from helping for feat that other bystanders will evaluate them negatively if they intervene and the situation is not an emergency

44
Q

arousal: cost-reward model

A

a theory that helping or not helping is a function of emotional arousal and analysis of the costs and rewards of helping

45
Q

negative state relief model

A

a theory suggesting that for those in a bad mood, helping others may be a way to lift their own spirits if the perceived benefits for helping are high and the costs are low

46
Q

empathy-altruism hypothesis

A

a theory proposing that experiencing empathy for someone in need produces an altruistic motive for helping

47
Q

just-world belief

A

a belief that the world is a fair and equitable place, with people getting what they deserve in life

48
Q

threat-to-self-esteem model

A

a theory stating that if receiving help contains negative self-messages, recipients are likely to feel threatened and respond negatively

bio 121 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions