Pst Flashcards
7:10 PM @
You
January 29
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Ayub Era and Zulfiqar Era in Pakistan Studies
Ayub Era
- Introduction to Ayub Khan
Ayub Khan
Pakistan’s first military ruler
introduced significant political and economic changes.
- Constitution of 1962
Ayub introduced the 1962 Constitution
establishing a presidential system with centralized
authority and replacing the parliamentary system.
- Economic Reforms
Ayub’s government emphasized industrialization
infrastructure development
sector growth to modernize Pakistan’s economy.
- Green Revolution
New agricultural techniques and technologies
including high-yield crops
to boost food production and reduce famine risks.
- Social Reforms
$ (-) il (93
Ayub implemented land reforms
improved education
rights
including the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance.
- Industrial Growth
Policies encouraged industrial expansion
with the establishment of industrial zones and
incentives for investors.
- Foreign Policy
Ayub pursued a balanced foreign policy
fostering alliances with the United States and
improving relations with China.
- Relations with the USA and China
Pakistan became a key ally of the USA during the Cold War
while Ayub also established
diplomatic ties with China for strategic balance.
- 1965 War with India
Ayub led Pakistan during the 1965 war with India over Kashmir
which ended in the
Tashkent Agreement mediated by the Soviet Union.
- End of Ayub Era
Political unrest
economic challenges
1969
handing over power to General Yahya Khan.
G Reply
7:10 PM @
You
January 29
0.7798611111111111
Ayub Era and Zulfiqar Era in Pakistan Studies
Ayub Era
- Introduction to Ayub Khan
Ayub Khan
Pakistan’s first military ruler
introduced significant political and economic changes.
- Constitution of 1962
Ayub introduced the 1962 Constitution
establishing a presidential system with centralized
authority and replacing the parliamentary system.
- Economic Reforms
Ayub’s government emphasized industrialization
infrastructure development
sector growth to modernize Pakistan’s economy.
- Green Revolution
New agricultural techniques and technologies
including high-yield crops
to boost food production and reduce famine risks.
- Social Reforms
$ (-) il (93
Ayub implemented land reforms
improved education
rights
including the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance.
- Industrial Growth
Policies encouraged industrial expansion
with the establishment of industrial zones and
incentives for investors.
- Foreign Policy
Ayub pursued a balanced foreign policy
fostering alliances with the United States and
improving relations with China.
- Relations with the USA and China
Pakistan became a key ally of the USA during the Cold War
while Ayub also established
diplomatic ties with China for strategic balance.
- 1965 War with India
Ayub led Pakistan during the 1965 war with India over Kashmir
which ended in the
Tashkent Agreement mediated by the Soviet Union.
- End of Ayub Era
Political unrest
economic challenges
1969
handing over power to General Yahya Khan.
G Reply