PSM 1

Question 1

Upon what type of process control is Scrum based?

(choose the best answer)

A. Complex
B. Defined
C. Hybrid
D. Empirical

Answer 1

D. Empirical

Scrum is founded on empiricism and lean thinking. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is observed.

Question 2

What does it mean to say that an event has a timebox?

(choose the best answer)

A. The event must happen at a set time.
B. The event can take no more than a maximum amount of time.
C. The event must happen by a given time.
D. The event must take at least a minimum amount of time.

Answer 2

B. The event can take no more than a maximum amount of time.

Timeboxed events are events that have a maximum duration.

Question 3

The CEO asks the Developers to add a “very important” item to a Sprint that is in progress. What should the Developers do?

(choose the best answer)

A. Add the item to the next Sprint.
B. Add the item to the current Sprint without any adjustments.
C. Add the item to the current Sprint and drop an item of equal size.
D. Inform the other members of the Scrum Team so the team can decide what to do.

Answer 3

D. Inform the other members of the Scrum Team so the team can decide what to do.

The items selected for a Sprint have been selected as most valuable with the Product Owner. The items serve the Sprint’s goal. No changes should be made that endanger the Sprint Goal. No one external to the Scrum Team can force changes on the Developers.

Question 4

During a Sprint, a Developer determines thatthe Scrum Teamwill not be able to complete the items in their forecast. Who should be present to review and adjust the Product Backlog items selected?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Developers.

B. The Product Owner and the Developers.

C. The Product Owner and all stakeholders.

D. The Scrum Master, the project manager, and the Developers

Answer 4

B. The Product Owner and the Developers.

During the Sprint, scope may be clarified and re-negotiated between the Product Owner and the Developers as more is learned. It is important to be transparent when challenges arise since ultimately the entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment.

Question 5

True or False: It is mandatory that the product Increment be released to production at the end of each Sprint.

Answer 5

False

The product Increment should be usable and releasable at the end of every Sprint, but it does not have to be released.

Question 6

Who has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Developers.

B. The Product Owner.

C. The Scrum Master.

D. The Stakeholders.

E. The CEO.

Answer 6

B. The Product Owner.

The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for ordering the Product Backlog.

Question 7

The Developers should not be interrupted during the Sprint and the Sprint Goal should remain intact. These are conditions that foster creativity, quality and productivity.

(Which one the following answers is FALSE?)

A. The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning event and does not change during the Sprint.

B. The Developers may work with the Product Owner to add or remove work if they find themselves with more or less capacity than expected.

C. As a decomposition of the selected Product Backlog items, the Sprint Backlog changes and may grow as the work emerges.

D. The Product Owner can help clarify or optimize the Sprint when asked by the Developers.

Answer 7

A. The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning event and does not change during the Sprint.

The Sprint Backlog makes visible all of the work that the Developers identify as necessary to meet the Sprint Goal. The Developers modify the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint.

Question 8

Which statement best describes a Product Owner’s responsibility?

(choose the best answer)

A. Keep stakeholders from distracting the Developers.

B. Managing the project and ensuring that the work meets the commitments to the stakeholders.

C. Directing the Developers.

D. Maximizing the value of the work the Scrum Team does.

Answer 8

D. Maximizing the value of the work the Scrum Team does.

The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Scrum Team.

Question 9

When many Scrum Teams are working on a single product, what best describes the Definition of Done?

(choose the best answer)

A. Each Scrum Team uses its own, but must make their definition clear to all other teams so the differences are known.

B. All Scrum Teams must have a Definition of Done that makes their combined Increment valuable and useful.

C. It depends.

Answer 9

B. All Scrum Teams must have a Definition of Done that makes their combined Increment valuable and useful.

The Increment must be valuable and useful. This means that when many Scrum Teams are working on a single product, they are expected to adhere to a single Definition of Done for the Increment.

Question 10

When does a Sprint conclude?

(choose the best answer)

A. When all Product Backlog items meet their Definition of Done.

B. When the Sprint Retrospective is complete.

C. When the Product Owner decides enough has been delivered to meet the Sprint Goal.

D. When all the tasks are completed by the Developers.

Answer 10

B. When the Sprint Retrospective is complete.

The Sprint is a container for the following timeboxed events: Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective. Sprints are fixed length events of one month or less to create consistency, and a new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.

The Sprint Retrospective concludes the Sprint, and is timeboxed to a maximum of three hours for a one-month Sprint. For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter

Though not typical, a Sprint can end if the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete. Only the Product Owner has the authority to end the Sprint prematurely.

Question 11

The timebox for a Daily Scrum is?

(choose the best answer)

A. Two minutes per person.

B. 15 minutes.

C. 4 hours.

D. The same time of day every day.

E. 15 minutes for a 4-week sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.

Answer 11

B. 15 minutes.

The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event for the Developers of the Scrum Team. The Scrum Master serves the Scrum Team by ensuring that all Scrum events take place and are positive, productive, and kept within the timebox.

Question 12

The timebox for the Sprint Review is:

(choose the best answer)

A. 4 hours and longer as needed.

B. As long as needed.

C. 2 hours.

D. 1 day.

E. 4 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.

Answer 12

E. 4 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.

Sprint Review is a maximum four-hour timeboxed event for one-month Sprints. For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter.

Question 13

When might a Sprint be abnormally cancelled?

(choose the best answer)

A. When it becomes clear that not everything will be finished by the end of the Sprint.

B. When the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete.

C. When the Developers feel that the work is too hard.

D. When the sales department has an important new opportunity.

Answer 13

B. When the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete.

A Sprint could be cancelled if the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete. Only the Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint.

Question 14

Which of the following are examples of a Scrum Team practicing Scrum poorly or not exhibiting traits of a self-managing Scrum Team?

(choose the best three answers)

A. The Developers are collaboratively selecting their own work during the Sprint.

B. The Developers invite external stakeholders to the Sprint Planning to ask them how to turn a Product Backlog item into an Increment via a complete and detailed Sprint Backlog.

C. The Developers create their own Sprint Backlog, reflecting all work that is required to meet the Definition of Done.

D. The Developers are working within the boundaries of their organizations functional description and nicely handing off work from analyst to developer to tester to integration.

E. The Developers have all the skills they need to create a valuable, useful Increment.

F. Stakeholders attend the Daily Scrum to check on the Scrum Team’s progress.

Answer 14

B. The Developers invite external stakeholders to the Sprint Planning to ask them how to turn a Product Backlog item into an Increment via a complete and detailed Sprint Backlog.

D. The Developers are working within the boundaries of their organizations functional description and nicely handing off work from analyst to developer to tester to integration.

F. Stakeholders attend the Daily Scrum to check on the Scrum Team’s progress.

• The Daily Scrum is for the Developers. It should not be used by external stakeholders to check progress.
• During Sprint Planning the Scrum Team should be crafting the Sprint Goal based on the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint. The Developers identify the necessary work to meet the Sprint Goal.
• Scrum Team members do not have titles, and no sub-teams; such as testing, architecture, or operations are recognized. Accountability belongs with the Scrum Team as a whole, regardless of whether team members have specialized skills.

Question 15

What is the main reason for the Scrum Master to be at the Daily Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. To write down any changes to the Sprint Backlog, including adding new items, and tracking progress on the burn-down.

B. To make sure every team member answers the three questions.

C. They do not have to be there; they only need to ensure the Developers have a Daily Scrum.

D. To gather status and progress information to report to management.

Answer 15

C. They do not have to be there; they only need to ensure the Developers have a Daily Scrum.

The Scrum Master only ensures that all Scrum events take place and are positive, productive, and kept within the timebox.

Question 16

True or False: The Scrum Team must choose at least one high priority process improvement item, identified during the Sprint Retrospective, and place it in the Sprint Backlog.

Answer 16

False.

An earlier version of the Scrum Guide prescribed the practice of placing one improvement in the Sprint Backlog. This was removed in the 2020 update to the Scrum Guide because it was felt to be too prescriptive. However, if this practice provides value to you then you should adopt it. It is simply not prescribed anymore, but can still be valuable.

Question 17

The Developers should have all the skills needed to:

(choose the best answer)

A. Turn the Product Backlog items they select into an Increment of useful and valuable product functionality.

B. Do all of the development work, except for specialized testing that requires additional tools and environments.

C. Complete the project as estimated when the date and cost are committed to the Product Owner.

Answer 17

A. Turn the Product Backlog items they select into an Increment of useful and valuable product functionality.

The Developers are a group of professionals who do the work of delivering an Increment of done product at the end of each Sprint. As a team, Developers have all of the skills necessary to create a product Increment.

Question 18

The Product Backlog is ordered by:

(choose the best answer)

A. Least valuable items at the top to most valuable at the bottom.

B. Size, where small items are at the top and large items are at the bottom.

C. Risk, where safer items are at the top, and riskier items are at the bottom.

D. Whatever is deemed most appropriate by the Product Owner.

E. Items are randomly arranged.

Answer 18

D. Whatever is deemed most appropriate by the Product Owner.

The Product Owner is accountable for effective Product Backlog management. The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team.

Question 19

Which Scrum events are timeboxed?

(choose the best three answers)

A. Sprint Testing.

B. Refinement.

C. Sprint Retrospective.

D. Release Testing.

E. Release Retrospective.

F. Sprint Planning.

G. Sprint Review.

Answer 19

C. Sprint Retrospective.
F. Sprint Planning.
G. Sprint Review.

The Scrum Guide states that the Sprint Planning, Sprint Retrospectives, and Sprint Reviews are timeboxed events. Sprints are fixed length events of one month or less to create consistency, and the Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event.

Question 20

Which of the following services is appropriate for a Scrum Master in regard to the Daily Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. All answers apply.

B. Facilitate in a way that ensures each team member has a chance to speak.

C. Lead the discussions of the Developers.

D. Teach the Developers to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 minute timebox.

E. Ensure that all 3 questions have been answered.

Answer 20

D. Teach the Developers to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 minute timebox.

The Scrum Master ensures that the Developers have the event, but the Developers are responsible for conducting the Daily Scrum. The Scrum Master teaches the Developers to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15-minute timebox. The Scrum Master enforces the rule that only Developers participate in the Daily Scrum.

Question 21

When does a Developer become accountable for the value of a Product Backlog item selected for the Sprint?

(choose the best answer)

A. Never. The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating value every Sprint.

B. During the Daily Scrum.

C. Whenever a team member can accommodate more work.

D. At the Sprint Planning Event.

Answer 21

A. Never. The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating value every Sprint.

All members of the Scrum Team share in the accountability for creating value every Sprint.

Question 22

When does a Developer become the sole owner of an item on the Sprint Backlog?

(choose the best answer)

A. During the Daily Scrum.

B. Never. All Sprint Backlog items are “owned” by the Developers on the Scrum Team.

C. Whenever a team member can accommodate more work.

D. At the Sprint Planning event.

Answer 22

B. Never. All Sprint Backlog items are “owned” by the Developers on the Scrum Team.

The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint, and the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint are collectively owned by the Developers. No individual Developer can claim ownership over an item as this would block communication and collaboration. The Sprint Backlog is updated by the Developers throughout the Sprint as more is learned.

Question 23

True or False: Scrum has a role called “project manager.”

Answer 23

False.

A Scrum Team has a Scrum Master, a Product Owner and Developers. As a whole they have all controls needed.

Question 24

True or False: The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a valuable and useful Increment of working product.

Answer 24

True.

The heart of Scrum is a Sprint, a timebox of one month or less during which a done, useful, and valuable working product Increment is created.

Question 25

A Scrum Team consists of the following:

(choose the best three answers)

A. Product Owner

B. Developers

C. Customers

D.Scrum Master

E.Users

Answer 25

A. Product Owner
B. Developers
D.Scrum Master

The Scrum Team consists of one Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers.

Question 26

True or False: When multiple Scrum Teams work together on the same product, each team should maintain a separate Product Backlog.

Answer 26

False.

Products have one Product Backlog, regardless of how many Scrum Teams are used. Any other setup makes it difficult for the Developers to determine what they should work on.

Question 27

Who is required to attend the Daily Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Developers and Scrum Master.

B. The Developers and Product Owner.

C. The Developers.

D. The Scrum Team.

E. The Scrum Master and Product Owner.

Answer 27

C. The Developers.

Only the people doing the work described on the Sprint Backlog need to inspect and adapt at the Daily Scrum. If the Product Owner or Scrum Master are actively working on items in the Sprint Backlog, they participate as Developers, they will need to be at the Daily Scrum.

Question 28

Who should know the most about the progress toward a business objective or a release, and be able to explain the alternatives most clearly?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Project Manager

B. The Product Owner

C. The Scrum Master

D. The Developers

Answer 28

B. The Product Owner

The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for ordering the Product Backlog. Their responsibilities include making the Product Backlog visible, transparent, and clear to all.

Question 29

Which statement best describes Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. A cookbook that defines best practices for software development.

B. A complete methodology that defines how to develop software.

C. A framework for creating complex products in complex environments.

D. A defined and predictive process that conforms to the principles of Scientific Management.

Answer 29

C. A framework for creating complex products in complex environments.

Scrum is a lightweight framework that helps people, teams and organizations generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.

Question 30

*The length of a Sprint should be:

(choose the best answer)

A. Short enough to keep the business risk acceptable to the Product Owner.

B. Short enough to be able to synchronize the development work with other business events.

C. One month or less.

D. All of the above.

Answer 30

D. All of the above.

All of these choices are appropriate considerations in determining the length of a Sprint.

Question 31

*Who is accountable for tracking the remaining work of the Sprint to predict if the Sprint Goal will be met by the end of the Sprint?

A. The Scrum Master

B. The Developers

C. The Project Manager

D. The Product Owner

Answer 31

B. The Developers

The Developers create a plan for the Sprint and the Spring Backlog and adapt that plan to meet the Sprint Goal. They also hold each other accountable as professionals. The Developers meet daily at the Daily Scrum to discuss progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog as necessary, adjusting the upcoming planned work.