pseudocode Flashcards
if statement
IF, THEN, ENDIF
case
CASE, OF, OTHERWISE, ENDCASE
for loop
FOR, TO, NEXT
repeat loop
REPEAT
UNTIL
while loop
WHILE, DO, ENDWHILE
algorithm
sets out steps to complete a given task
types of algorithm
totalling, counting, finding max min and average, linear search, bubble sort
constant
unchangeable variable
eg.CONSTANT hourlyrate <- 6.5
arrays
stores elements of same data type
declare 1d array
DECLARE cars: ARRAY [1:7] OF STRING
DECLARE 2D ARRAY
DECLARE cars: ARRAY [1:7, 1:2] OF INTEGER
storing 1d array
cars[1] <- “dodge”
storing 2d array
cars [1,2] <- 2
string operation finding length
finds number of characters in a string
LENGTH(“days”)
or
LENGTH(days)
string operation turning into lower case
LCASE(“days”)
or
LCASE(days)
string operation turning upper case
UCASE(“days”)
or
UCASE(days)
string operation printing part of a word
SUBSTRING (“happy days”, 1, 5)
1- first character till fifth
rounding an integer
ROUND(10.6, 1)
rounds 10.6 to one decimal place
random
random outputs any number between 1 and 0 inclusive
RANDOM()
what happens when a function is called in the middle of the program
A call statement is used in order to make use of a function
Parameters are / may be passed (from the main program) to the function
function performs its task
and returns a value
calling procedures without perameters
PROCEDURE password()
INPUT password1
OUTPUT password1
ENDPROCEDURE
CALLpassword()
calling proceudres with perameters
PROCEDURE operation (num1:INTEGER, num2:INTEGER)
DECLARE resukt
result<- numb1+numb2
OUTPUT result
CALL operation(2,3)
calling function without perameter
FUNCTION cars RETURNS STRING
INPUT car
RETURN car
ENDFUNCTION
OUTPUT (cars)
calling function with perameter
FUNCTION operation (numb1: INTEGER) RETURNS INTEGER
DECLARE calculation
calculation <- numb1 *numb1
RETURN calculation
ENDFUNCTION
OUTPUT (operation(5))
why are files used
to store data permenantyl which can then be accesssed later
can be shared with other computers, data exchange
enables permemnant storage with easy access even after computer or program has been closed
how do you view contents in a file
you open the file,
OPENFILE <identifier> FOR <file>
eg.
OPENFILE breakfast FOR READ
OPENFILE breakfast FOR WRITE</file></identifier>
why do you use READ in file handling
to read data from file
why do you use WRITE in file handling
to write data into file, a new file is created any any existing data is lost
how is data read from a file
OPENFILE breakfast FOR READ
READFILE breakfast, bread
CLOSEFILE breakfast
how is data written into a file
OPENFILE breakfast FOR WRITE
WRITEFILE breafast, drinks
CLOSEFILE breakfast
(drinks is a variable)
