Pseudo-epileptiform patterns Flashcards

1
Q

Six hertz spike-and-slow-wave (‘wave and spike phantom’) – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance

A
  • miniature (<5Hz more likely epileptic)
  • adult
  • drowsy - usually goes away during deeper levels of sleep
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2
Q

Fourteen and six hertz positive bursts (‘ctenoids’)– wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance, other associated conditions

A
  • repetetive positive spikes arch-shaped - best seen in referential montage
  • less than 1-2 sec
  • post -TEMPORAL, parietal, bilaterally independent or synchronous
  • adolecents, children
  • sleep/drowsy
  • also seen in comatose, Reye’s, toxic liver disease, metabolic, or anoxic events
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3
Q

Rythmic temporal theta burst of drowsiness

(Rythmical mid-temporal discharge ‘RMTD’ , ‘Psychomotor variant’) – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance

A
  • rythmic THETA 4-7Hz negative sharp waves with notched or flat phases, usually monomorphic or monorhythmic with no evolution(different than seizure)
  • few seconds
  • midTEMPORAL, unilateral, bilateral, idependent, or synchronous
  • middle aged females
  • sleep/drowsy
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4
Q

Small sharp spikes (‘sss’), ‘benign epileptiform transients of sleep (‘BETS’) – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance

A
  • short spikes, small, mono or biphasic - horizontal dipole –> true phase reversal
  • less than 65msec for single phrase - rarely repeat with same configuration/morphology
  • mid-and anterior temporal shifting distribution
  • adults/adolescents
  • drowsy/sleep
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5
Q

Wiket spikes – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance

A
  • repetetive spikes forming arches
  • repeats every few seconds
  • anterior and mid temporal
  • adults
  • awake/asleep
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6
Q

Occipital spikes and sharp waves of blind persons – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance

A
  • focal spike and sharp waves
  • 200ms
  • occipital, uni or bilateral
  • children
  • awake/asleep
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7
Q

Subclinical Rythmical Electrographic (Theta) Discharge in Adults (‘SREDA’) – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance
UNCOMMON

A
  • mono or bi-phasic sharp followed by rythmic THETA 4-7Hz waves
  • 20 sec to more than 5 min- repeats many times
  • assymmetric/symmetrical posterior temporal and parietal
  • ADULTS >50 years old
  • awake/asleep - hyperventilation
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8
Q

Paroxysmal hyponogogic hypersynchrony – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance

A
  • 3-5hz moderate to high amplitude intermixed spikes
  • 1-6 seconds
  • generarlized, maximum anterior to posterior
  • children
  • drowsy
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9
Q

Midline theta rythyms (of Ciganek) – wave shape, duration, distribution, age, vigilance

A
  • THETA 4-7Hz rythmic trains with sinusoidal, spiky, archiform sharp
  • 4-20 seconds (variable)
  • MIDLINE, central
  • chilren > adults
  • awake/drowy - variable reactivity
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