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PSC1002-Physiology > PSC1002/L05 Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

PSC1002/L05 Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Give 2 functions of the CVS.

A

Controlled & continuous blood flow
Homeostasis

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2
Q

Describe the relative pressure in each side of the heart.

A

Left - high (systemic)
Right - low (pulmonary)

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3
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A

Aorta
Pulmonary artery

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4
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood towards the heart?

A

Vena cava
Pulmonary veins

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5
Q

What are the 4 valves in the heart?

A

AV right - tricuspid
AV left - mitral or bicuspid
Semilunar right - pulmonary
Left - aortic

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6
Q

What causes valves to open and close?

A

Pressure changes

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7
Q

Define stroke volume.

A

Volume of blood pumped by one ventricle (75ml at rest)

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8
Q

Define cardiac output. (2)

A

Total volume of blood pumped per ventricle per minute
Depends on heart rate

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9
Q

What is the equation for cardiac output?

A

CO = SV x HR

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10
Q

Define venous return.

A

Amount of blood returning to the heart

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11
Q

Under steady-state conditions, what is the relationship between VR and CO?

A

VR = CO

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12
Q

Describe arteries (3)

A

High pressure
Elastic
For distribution

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13
Q

Describe arterioles. (2)

A

High resistance
Control of blood flow to tissues

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14
Q

Describe capillaries. (3)

A

Thin-walled
Arranged in parallel
For exchange

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15
Q

Describe veins. (3)

A

Low pressure
Capacitance vessels
For collection & storage

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16
Q

What is the equation for pressure gradient?

A

P1 - P2 = Delta(P)

17
Q

How is pressure gradient created? (2)

A

Setup by heart acting as pump
Energy required to maintain

18
Q

Why does the pressure of a fluid in motion decrease with distance?

A

Friction

19
Q

What is the equation for pulse pressure?

A

PP = SP - DP

20
Q

What is mean arterial blood pressure?

A

Pressure averaged over time

21
Q

What is blood flow proportional to?

A

1/resistance

22
Q

What is Darcy’s Law?

A

Flow = Delta(P)/R

23
Q

What parameters determine resistance? (3)

A

Length of blood vessels
Radius of vessel
Viscosity of blood

24
Q

What is the difference between blood flow and blood velocity?

A

Blood flow is volume per minute
Blood velocity is distance travelled per minute

PSC1002-Physiology (29 decks)

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