PSAP Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of antihypertensive medications?
To lower high blood pressure.
True or False: ACE inhibitors work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
True
Name one common side effect of calcium channel blockers.
Edema.
Which class of antihypertensive medications is known to cause a persistent cough?
ACE inhibitors.
Fill in the blank: Beta-blockers primarily reduce blood pressure by ________ the heart rate.
decreasing.
What is the mechanism of action for diuretics in treating hypertension?
They increase urine output to reduce blood volume.
Which antihypertensive class is considered first-line therapy for most patients?
Thiazide diuretics.
True or False: Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are used to treat hypertension by blocking the effects of angiotensin II.
True
What is a common contraindication for the use of ACE inhibitors?
History of angioedema.
Name one example of a calcium channel blocker.
Amlodipine.
What is the role of aldosterone in hypertension?
It promotes sodium retention, increasing blood volume and pressure.
Which class of antihypertensive medications can cause hyperkalemia?
ACE inhibitors and ARBs.
Fill in the blank: The primary effect of alpha-1 blockers is ________ peripheral vascular resistance.
decreasing.
Which antihypertensive medication class can lead to reflex tachycardia?
Vasodilators.
True or False: Thiazide diuretics are effective in patients with renal impairment.
False
What is the target blood pressure for most adults according to recent guidelines?
Less than 130/80 mmHg.
Which drug is an example of a direct renin inhibitor?
Aliskiren.
What is the effect of beta-2 adrenergic receptors on blood pressure?
They cause vasodilation.
Name one lifestyle modification that can help manage hypertension.
Reducing sodium intake.
Fill in the blank: Loop diuretics are more potent than ________ diuretics.
thiazide.
What is the primary action of vasodilators in antihypertensive therapy?
To relax blood vessels and reduce vascular resistance.
True or False: Clonidine is a centrally acting alpha agonist used for hypertension.
True
What class of medications is often used in combination with diuretics for better blood pressure control?
ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
What is the significance of monitoring kidney function in patients on ACE inhibitors?
To prevent acute kidney injury due to decreased renal perfusion.
Name a potential adverse effect of beta-blockers.
Bradycardia.
Fill in the blank: Antihypertensive medications should be ________ gradually to avoid rebound hypertension.
tapered.
