Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSA > PSA practice paper content > Flashcards

PSA practice paper content Flashcards

1
Q

COPD acute exacerbation - bronchospasm

A

SABA - salbutamol 1 mg/mL nebuliser liquid
dose is 2.5-5mg via nebuliser
Found in asthma - airway obstructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

First line DVT

A

APIXABAN 10 mg PO twice daily for 7 days then 5 mg PO twice daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When to offer statin as primary prevention

A

In pts. w/ 10 year-CV-risk of 10% or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drugs causing urinary retention

A

Anti-cholinergics
a-adrenoceptor agonists (metaraminol, phenylephrine)
Benzodiazepines
NSAIDs
CCBs
Anti-histamines
Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Drugs causing confusion

A

Anti-cholinergics
Anti-psychotics
Anti-depressants
Anti-convulsants

LESS COMMON: H2 receptor antagonists, Digoxin, Beta blockers, Corticosteroids, NSAIDS, antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

DKA insulin administration

A

FIXED RATE short acting 0.1 Units/kg/hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What should be monitored for effect in fluid replacement and why

A

Blood pressure -> dehydration usually associated with reduced urinary output but monitoring the production of urine is less reliable measure of success in the early stages of fluid replacement than blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HRT -> what to monitor and why

A

Blood pressure
HRT can cause sodium and fluid retention = rise in blood pressure. HRT should be stopped if BP rises above systolic 160 or diastolic 95

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

LIVER enzyme increase to warrant a reduction of dose or discontinuation of statin:

A

3 TIMES UPPER LIMIT OF RANGE VALUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

IF both peak and trough gentamicin levels are high, what should be done to gentamicin dose

A

DECREASE dose and INCREASE INTERVAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

First line IV tx. Hypoglycaemia

A

GLUCOSE 20% (50-100 ml) in up to 20 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Electrolyte disturbance with Tacrolimus

A

May cause hyperkalaemia -> due to reduced potassium excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which drug should be stopped at least 7 days prior to surgery

A

Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which drug should be stopped at least 7 days prior to surgery

A

Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Electrolyte disturbance with SSRIs?

A

HYPONATRAEMIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IF INR > 1.5 on the day of surgery, what should be given

A

Vit K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Antibiotics which can cause cholestatic jaundice

A

Flucloxacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What rise in creatinine is tolerated in pts. taking ACEis

A

<20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Indication of effective treatment with furosemide

A

Reduction of weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ACEi therapy in heart failure - how do you monitor for beneficial effect of treatment

A

Exercise tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Palliative care prescribing: pain -> how much morphine

A

20-30 mg/day w/ 5 mg for breakthrough pain

21
Q

Drugs causing:
a) ATAXIA
b) Parkinsonism

A

a) Phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproate
b) Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

22
Q

Loop and thiazide diuretic effect on calcium

A

Loops: HYPOCALCAEMIA
Thiazides: HYPERCALCAMIA

23
Q

Loop and thiazide diuretic effect on calcium

A

Loops: HYPOCALCAEMIA
Thiazides: HYPERCALCAMIA

24
Q

Drugs causing impaired glucose tolerance

A

Thiazides
Loops diuretics
Corticosteroids
Ciclosporin

25
Q

4 drugs causing constipation

A

Verapamil
Opioids
Antipsychotics
Tricyclic antidepressants

26
Q

Monitoring parameters for LITHIUM

A

Drug level, TFT, UE

27
Q

Common side effects of Levodopa

A

Dry mouth
Postural hypotension
Psychosis
Palpitations
Anorexia

28
Q

Palpitations

A

anorexia

29
Q

Maintenance fluids for children

A

100 ml/ kg/ day for first 10 KG
50 ml/ kg/ day for next 10 kg (to 20kg)
20ml/ kg/ day for the remaining weight over 20kg

30
Q

4C antibiotics and what might they cause

A

C.difficile

Ciprofloxacin
Co-amoxiclav
Clindamycin
Cephalosporins

31
Q

Medications to stop preoperatively

A

ACEi/ARBs
Diuretics
Anticoagulants
Antiplatelets
HRT and COCP (STOP 4 weeks before)
Lithium
NSAIDs

ILACKOP
Insulin (consider starting pt. on sliding scale
Lithium
Anticoagulants/antiplatelets
COCP
K sparing diuretic (spironolactone)
Oral hypoglycaemic
Phytonidione (Vit K) Perindopril (or any acei)

32
Q

Diabetic drugs: which drug should be omitted on day of surgery

A

SGLT-2 inhibitors - Dapagliflozin

33
Q

Diabetic drugs: which should be omitted the morning of surgery

A

Sulphonylureas

34
Q

When should metformin be changed on the day of surgery

A

If taken TDS, omit LUNCHTIME dose
if OD or BD continue as normal

35
Q

If pt. NBM - how must medication be given

A

Intravenously

36
Q

Oral hypoglycaemics advice: Metformin

A

Look out for signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis such as dyspnoea, muscle cramps, abdominal pain, hypothermia or asthenia

37
Q

Oral hypoglycaemics advice: Sulphonylureas

A

Look out for signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia. Higher risk elderly patients or those with renal impairment

38
Q

Oral hypoglycaemics advice: SGLT2 inhibitors

A

Look out for signs and symptoms of DKA even if BM is normal
(As glucose being removed through urine)

39
Q

Diabetic management: T1DM how often should HbA1c be checked -

A

3 monthly

40
Q

How often should diabetics visit the podiatrist

A

Once per year

41
Q

Important information RE: all anti-psychotics

A

As photosensitisation may occur with higher doses, patients should avoid direct sun-light

Drowsiness may affect performance of skilled tasks, effects of alcohol are enhanced.

42
Q

Which commonly prescribed anti-platelets should be avoided with lithium

A

NSAIDs -> can increase lithium levels in the blood resulting in an increased risk of lithium side effects

43
Q

Who all should receive 5mg FOLIC ACID (increased dose) for the duration of pregnancy

A

Hx. of neural tube defects
Diabetes
Sickle cell disease
Anti-epileptics

44
Q

Pain medications which can accumulate in renal failure

A

Morphine and Codeine
Oxycodone should be given instead

45
Q

Which cardio drug should be stopped in SEVERE PVD

A

B-blockers - cause peripheral vasoconstriction and worsen ischaemia
(ACEis are also cautioned in severe PVD)

46
Q

Which CCB may exacerbate heart failure

A

VERAPAMIL
DILTIAZEM

47
Q

Is routine monitoring required with use of SSRIs

A

NO

48
Q

Best marker of beneficial effects of antibiotic in UTI

A

Resolution of SYMPTOMS - over next 72 hours

49
Q

What should be done when a statin is suspected to be th cause of myopathy and CK concentration is markedly elevated

A

Treatment should be discontinued, if symptoms resolve and CK levels return to normal, statin should be introduced at LOWER DOSE

PSA (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions