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PSA > psa mock 2 > Flashcards

psa mock 2 Flashcards

1
Q

drug of choice used in acute dystonic reactions

A
  1. Antimuscarinic drugs first line: procyclidine
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2
Q

4 main types of fluids to know for PSA

A
  1. Sodium chloride 0.9% 1000ml - 150mmol Na
  2. Potassium chloride 0.3% 1000ml - 40mmol K
  3. Potassium chloride 0.15% 1000ml - 20mmol K
  4. Glucose 5% 1000ml - 50g glucose

remember
Don’t replace K+ faster than 10mmol/ hour

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3
Q

Daily fluid requirements

A

25-30ml/kg/24hour water

1mmol/kg/24h Na & K

50-100g/24 hour glucose

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4
Q

Emergency resuscitation fluids

A

sodium chloride 0.9% 500ml 10 minutes

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5
Q

Emergency hypoglycaemia mx

A

glucose 20% 100ml over 15 min

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6
Q

Emergency hypokalaemia fluid tx

A

sodium chloride 0.9% / potassium chloride 0.3% 1000ms 4 hours

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7
Q

emergency hypercalcaemia fluid treatment

A

sodium chloride 0.9% 1000ml 4 hours

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8
Q

maintenance fluids without deficits or losses

A

25-30ml/kg/24hr water
1mmol/kg/24hr sodium and potassium
50-100g/24hr glucose

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9
Q

maintenance fluids with deficits or losses (Na or K, vomiting, diarrhoea)

A

minimum 30ml/kg/24hr water

(aim 1000ml 4-6hrs)

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10
Q

Paediatrics emergency resuscitation fluids

A

sodium chloride 0.9% 10ml/kg over 10 mins

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11
Q

Paediatrics maintenance fluids without deficiits or losses

A

100mls/kg/24h for first 10kgs

50mls/kg/24 hour for 10-20kgs

20mls/kg/24 hour for > 20kg

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12
Q

HRT: uterus intact and LMP<12

A
  1. oral sequential combined oestrogen + progesterone (Elleste-duet 1mg or 2mg) or patch sequential combined (evorel sequi_

Estradiol with norethisterone

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13
Q

HRT: Uterus intact + LMP >12 months

A

oral continuous combined oestrogen or progresterone (elleste-duet conti)

patch continous combined oestrogen and progesterone (evorel conti), tibolone

Continuous regime will avoid withdrawal bleeding:
- patch: levonorgestrel

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14
Q

HRT: post hysterectomy

A

oral or path oestrogen (elleste-solo) or tibolone

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15
Q

What may be given for post menopausal osteoporosis

A

alendronic acid or risedronate sodium

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16
Q

what may be given for vasomotor symptoms in someone who can’t take HRT

A

clonidine (or SSRI)

17
Q

what may be given for menopausal atrophic vaginitis

A

topical vaginal oestrogen (pessary or ring)

18
Q

drug that is contraindicated in peripheral vascular disease

A

beta blockers: cause peripheral vasoconstriction and worsen ischaemia in PVD

ACEi should also be cautioned if signs of severe critical ishcaemia

19
Q

5 Male

pc: fever sore throat, runny nose, 38.5 temp. enlarged tonsils, strawberry tongue, no exudate, swollen neck lymph nodes.

likely diagnosis and mx

A

Scarlet fever

Abx: 10 day course phenoxymethylpenicillin 125mg PO 6 hourly

20
Q

target INR

A

INR 2.5
-> DVT, PE, AF
–> cardioversion
–> mitral stenosis
–> biprosthetic heart valves
–> MI

INR 3.5
–> RECURRENT DVT
–> mechanical heart valves

21
Q

Warfarin Haemorrhage guidelines

A

INR 5-8 no bleeding : withold 1 or 2 doses of warfarin, reduc subsequent maintenance dose

INR 5-8 MINOR BLEEDING: stop warfarin, give vitamin K (phytomenadione) by slow IV, restart when INR <5

INR >8 no bleeding: stop warfarin, iven vit K by mouth, repeat vit K if INR still high after 24 hours, restart when warfarin <5

INR >8 WITH MINOR BLEEDING: stop warfarin, give vit K IV, repeat if still high after 24 hours, restart when warfarin <5

INR >8 MAJOR BLEEDING: stop wafarin, give vit K by slow IV, dried prothrombin complex

22
Q

common side effect of mirtazepine

A

abnormal dreams (sleep disturbances) very common

23
Q

tx hypoglycaemia in an unconscious patient

A

glucose 20% 100ml IV

24
Q

adult patient presents with painful rash to right side of face. likely diagnosis and management

A

SHINGLES:

aciclovir first line tx 400mg tablets

correct dose is 800mg PO 5 times a day for 7 days

25
Q

first line treatment in T2DM when lifestyle measures have failed

A

metformin hydrochloride 500mg tablets oral daily

26
Q

medications which may lead to loose stool

A

alendronic cid

lansoprazole

27
Q

mediacations causing ankle oedema

A

amlodipine

naproxen

28
Q

medications causing bradyardia

A

bisoprolol

digoxin

29
Q

1st line tx for c.difficile infections

A

oral vancomycin

30
Q

DKA management

A

stop short acting insulin

continue long acting

start fixed rate IV insulin alongisde fluid resus

31
Q

what monitoring is required with ciclosporin therapy ?

A

kidney function

nephrotoxicity is a well known SE of ciclosporin therapy

32
Q

1st line tx for antipsychotic induced parkinsonism

A

procyclidine - particularily for tremors

33
Q

appropriate monitoring for a patient started on COCP

A

blood pressure

COCP can increase BP, should be stopped if systolic > 160

34
Q

important monitoring for a patient on diruetic therapy

A

weight!

PSA (5 decks)

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