PSA lecture Flashcards
How to calculate new opioid dose? (if needed increasing)
How to calculate breakthrough opioid dose?
Unsafe and safe opioids in renal impairment
Recommended starting doses of opioids in:
- opioid naive
- frail/elderly
- everyone else
How to switch between opioids?
We need to know the potencies
Example of converting opioids - look at it
Unfractionated Heparin
- use
- route
- monitoring
- SEs
- antidote
LMWH
- name 3 examples
- route
- monitoring
- contraindications
(2) things needed to prescribe LMWH safely
Warfarin
- MoA
- onset of action
Where in BNF look for INR targets?
Treatment summaries → oral anticoagulants
How rapidly would we start treatment with Warfarin?
What do you need to know before prescribing warfarin?
How long does it take for any changes in Warfarin therapy to affect INR?
Around 3 days later
Name examples of insulin:
- short-acting
- rapid-acting
- ultra-rapid acting
Name the examples of bi-phasic/pre-mixed insulins
Name the examples of intermediate-acting insulins
Name the examples of long-acting insulins
Etiquette of insulin prescribing
How to adjust insulin doses
- short/rapid-acting
- intermmediate/long-acting
Indications for fluids
Commonly prescribed fluids and their content
How much sodium is there in 1 L of normal saline?
Do not prescribe 0.9% NaCl as a routine maintenance → too much salt
Fluid resuscitation algorithm
500 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride over 15 mins
(can repeat up to 2000 mls)
Routine maintenance fluids - amount:
- mL (all together)
- K+, Na+ and Cl-
- glucose
Groups of patients in which we may consider prescribing less fluids than it would be indicated otherwise
Examples of drugs that may need adjusting if eGFR falls below 30 mls/min
Drugs that may cause AKI
How to find information in BNF about antibiotic therapy?
