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CRAAB 4 > Prunuske: EKG > Flashcards

Prunuske: EKG Flashcards

1
Q

What is the common method for deducing rate on an EKG?

A 
300
150
100
75
60
50
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2
Q

How do you check for sinus rhythm on an EKG?

A

P wave before every QRS and a QRS for every P

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3
Q

What do you check the PR interval for?

A

AV blocks

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4
Q

What do you check the QRS interval for?

A

Bundle blocks

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5
Q

What does prolonged QT interval look like on an EKG?

A

1/2 the R to R distance

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6
Q

What does a. flutter look like?

A

Saw tooth sequence of atrial complexes

Identical p waves

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7
Q

What does supraventricular tachycardia look like?

A

P and T waves merge (QRS narrow is a sign that it’s supraventricular)

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8
Q

What does a fib look like?

A

Polymorphic p waves d/t conduction starting in different places

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9
Q

What does ventricular tachycardia look like?

A

Wide QRS complex (>3 little boxes)

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10
Q

What does ventricular fibrillation look like?

A

> 300
NO R to R waves
Wide polymorphic QRS

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11
Q

What does a PVC look like on an EKG?

A

wide QRS complexes

Unifocal- all look the same
multifocal- variable origin

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12
Q

What does a PAC look like?

A

P waves are IN the PACs but they aren’t of sinus origin

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13
Q

What does a junctional rhythm look like?

A

In a junctional rhythm the impulse comes from the AV node. (SA node doesn’t control the heart rhythm d/t the block).

NO p waves

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14
Q

What would you see in a junctional block?

A

No QRS after each p

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15
Q

What is an AV block?

A

Block that delyas/prevents atrial impulses from reaching the ventricles

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16
Q

What does a first degree block look like on an EKG?

A

Prolonged PR interval > 1 square

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17
Q

What does a second degree type I block look like on an EKG?

A

There’s a P before every QRS, but NOT a QRS after every P. PR increases until it DROPS a QRS.

18
Q

What does a 2nd degree type II block look like?

A

Doesn’t have a progressive pattern and there are ps without QRSs.

19
Q

What does a 3rd degree block look like?

A

P waves are regular but they don’t line up with the QRS b/c the ventricle is beating on it’s own.

20
Q

What is Torsades de pointes?

A

Prolonged QT precedes rhythm that leads to ventricular tachycardia

21
Q

What is a normal axis?

A

0-90 degrees
Lead I: pos
aVF: pos

22
Q

What else is a normal axis?

A

-30 to 0 degrees
I: pos
aVF: neg
II: pos

23
Q

What is a left axis deviation?

A

-30 to 90
I: pos
aVF: neg
(also requires a negative II lead)

24
Q

What is right axis deviation?

A

+90 to +180
I: neg
aVF: pos

25
Q

What is extreme axis deviation?

A

-90 to -180
I: neg
aVF: neg

26
Q

What is the differential for left axis deviation?

A

LVH
left anterior fascicular block
inferior wall MI

27
Q

What is the differential for right axis deviation?

A

RVH
left posterior fascicular block
lateral wall MI

28
Q

What is indicative of LVH?

A

S wave in V1 (V2) + R wave in V5 (V6) > 35 mm

29
Q

What is indicative of RVH?

A

R wave > S wave in v1 and gets progressively smaller in v1 to v6

30
Q

What leads to you look for atrial hypertrophy in?

A

v1 and II

31
Q

What is indicative of RAH?

A

Peaked p wave in lead II > 2.5 mm

32
Q

What is indicative of LAH?

A

notched, wide >3mm p wave terminus in II

33
Q

Symmetrical T wave inversion is indicative of…

A

Ischemia

34
Q

What leads should you look for ischemia in?

A

I, II

V2-6

35
Q

ST elevation/depression is indicative of…

A

injury

36
Q

Pathological Q waves is indicative of…

A

Infarct

The Q wave must be at least ONE small square wide or 1/3 the entire QRS heights

37
Q

What leads represent the anterioseptal wall?

A

v1-2

38
Q

What leads represents the anterior wall?

A

v3-4

39
Q

what lead represents the anteriolateral wall?

A

v5-6

40
Q

What lead represents the inferior wall?

A

II, III, AVF

41
Q

What leads represent the lateral wall?

A

I, AVL

42
Q

What lead represents the posterior wall?

A

v1, v2

CRAAB 4 (5 decks)

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