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ID Unit 3 > Protozoal Pharmacology > Flashcards

Protozoal Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of E. histolytica colitis / liver abscess

A

Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Chloroquine

+ Intestinal amebicide

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2
Q

Treatment of asymptomatic E. histolytica luminal infection

A

Paromomycin

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3
Q

Treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole

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4
Q

Treatment of T. brucei gambiense (West African) - Stage I

A

Suramin or Pentamadine

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5
Q

Treatment of T. brucei gambiense (W. African) - Stage II

A

Eflornithine or Melasporol

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6
Q

Treatment of T. brucei rhodesiense (E. African)

A

Suramin

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7
Q

Treatment of Pinworm

A

Mebendazole

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8
Q

Treatment of Whipworm

A

Mebendazole

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9
Q

Treatment of Hookworm

A

Mebendazole or Albendazole

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10
Q

Treatment for Hydatid Cyst (canine tapeworm)

A

Albendazole

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11
Q

Drug of choice for Giardia

A

Metronidazole

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12
Q

Treatment of cryptosporidiosis (non-AIDS)

A

Nitazoxanide (a metronidazole derivative)

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13
Q

Treatment of cryptosporidiosis (AIDS)

A

Paromomycin

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14
Q

Treatment of Toxoplasmosis

A

Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine

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15
Q

Alternative treatment for PCP

A

Pentamadine

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16
Q

Alternative treatment for T. brucei gambiense

A

Pentamadine

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17
Q

Treatment of Whipworm

A

Mebendazole

18
Q

Treatment of Ascariasis

A

Mebendazole or Albendazole

19
Q

Treatment of Pinworm

A

Mebendazole

20
Q

What infections is Mebendazole used for?

A

Hookworm
Whipworm
Pinworm
Ascariasis

21
Q

Treatment of inoperable hydatid cyst disease

A

Albendazole

22
Q

Treatment of cysticercosis

A

Albendazole

23
Q

Treatment of strongyloidiasis

A

Thiabendazole

24
Q

Treatment of Leishmaniasis

A

Sodium stibogluconate

25
Q

Alternative to mebendazole

A

Pyrantel pamoate

Alternative treatment of pinworm, hookworm, ascariasis

26
Q

Praziquantel - Uses

A

All tapeworms and flukes EXCEPT for:

Cysticercosis (T. solium) and Hydatid disease - Albendazole preferred for both

27
Q

Primaquine

A

Tissue schizonticide; only drug effective against latent forms of P. vivax and P. ovale

Used in combination with blood schizonticide to control acute phase of infections

28
Q

Chloroquine - Uses

A

Erythrocyte stages of P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and CQ-sensitive P. falciparum

29
Q

Chloroquine - Mechanism

A

Concentrates in the food vacuole of malaria parasite; interferes with detoxification of ROS formed by heme breakdown

30
Q

Quinine - Uses

A

Treatment and cure of erythrocytic stages of CQ-resistant P. falciparum; used in combination with one of a variety of antibiotics depending on local resistance

31
Q

What other antibiotics are commonly used with Quinine?

A 
Pyrimethamine - sulfadoxine 
Pyrimethamine - sulfadiazine 
Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole 
Clindamycin
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
32
Q

Cinchonism

A

Adverse effect of Quinine

Visual/auditory dysfunction + GI symptoms

33
Q

Mefloquine

A

Treatment / cure / prophylaxis of CR P. falciparum

34
Q

Malarone - Mechanism

A

i.e. Proguanil + Atovaquone

Proguanil is a DHFR inhibitor; atovaquone inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis. Combined, they cause collapse of the mitochondrion proton gradient

35
Q

Artemisinin

A

Recommended as primary treatment for mDR P. falciparum; used in conjunction with lumefantrine (chloroquine analog) or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine

36
Q

What drugs can be used for P. falciparum prophylaxis?

A

Malarone (Proguanil + Atovaquone)

Doxycycline

37
Q

Primary treatment of MDR P. falciparum

A

Quinine PLUS

Tetracycline - or-
Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine - or-
Clindamycin

38
Q

Primary treatment for P. vivax

A

Quinine _ tetracycline / pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine / clindamcin

+ Primaquine

39
Q

Alternative treatment for MDR P. falciparum

A

Malarone

Mefloquine

40
Q

Treatment of elephantiasis (wucheria bancrofti)

A

Diethylcarbamazine

ID Unit 3 (9 decks)

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