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Microbiology > Protozoa > Flashcards

Protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

What is Giardiasis caused by?

A

Giardia lamblia

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2
Q

What is the site of action in Giardiasis?

A

small intestine

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action in Giardiasis?

A

ingest cysts in water, not killed by normal chlorination

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4
Q

Which substances are used to treat Giardiasis?

A

Metronidazole or nitazoxanide

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5
Q

Which geographic area is Giardiasis common in?

A

Ubiquitous, campers, ski resorts, dogs, wild animals, eps. beavers

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6
Q

Which organism causes amebiasis?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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7
Q

What is the site of infection of amebiasis?

A

colon, liver or other organs

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8
Q

How does amebiasis spread?

A

Ingest cysts from fecal contamination of water or food, oral/anal behaviors

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9
Q

How do we treat amebiasis?

A

With Iodoquinol or paromomycin

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10
Q

Where is amebiasis common?

A

Worldwide, wherever fecal contamination occurs

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11
Q

What is cryptosporiasis caused by?

A

Cryptosporidium (sporozoa)

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12
Q

What is the site of infection of cyrptosporiasis?

A

Small intestine, respiratory tract

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of infection of cryptosporiasis?

A

ingest oocysts, fecal contamination

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14
Q

How do we treat cryptosporiasis?

A

Nitazoxanide for immunocompetent

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15
Q

How is cryptosporiasis spread?

A

ubiquitous, esp in cattle raising areas

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16
Q

What is cyclosporiasis caused by?

A

Cyclospora

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17
Q

What is the site of infection of cyclosporiasis?

A

Small intestine

18
Q

What is the mechanism of infection of cyclosporiasis?

A

Oocysts from fecal contamination of water, fresh produce

19
Q

What is the treatment for cyclosporiasis?

A

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

20
Q

Where is cyclosporiasis common?

A

worldwide, tropics; subtropics

21
Q

Name some intestinal parazoa?

A

Entamoeba histolytica, cyclospora, cryptosporidium, Giarda lamblia

22
Q

Give any sexually transmitted protozoan disease?

A

Trichomoniasis

23
Q

What is trichomoniasis caused by?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

24
Q

What is the site of infection of trichomoniasis?

A

vagina in females, asymptomatic in males

25
Q

What is the mechanism of infection of trichomoniasis?

A

trophozoites are spread by sexual intercourse from person to person

26
Q

What is the treatment for trichomoniasis?

A

Metronidazole for both partners

27
Q

Where is trichomoniasis common?

A

Ubiquitous in sexually active populations

28
Q

Give some blood and tissue flagellates diseases?

A

East African trypanosomiasis, West African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, cutaneous leishmaniasis,

29
Q

What causes East African trypanosomiasis?

A

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

30
Q

What is the site of infection of east and west African sleeping sickness?

A

blood, lymph

31
Q

What is the mechanism of infection of both types of sleeping sickness?

A

tstetse bite lacerates the skin and releases trypomastigotes

32
Q

What is the treatment for East African Trypanosomiasis?

A

early hemolytic stage Suramin, late CNS stage Melarsoprol

33
Q

What is the treatment for West African Trypanosomiasis?

A

Pentamide in hemolytic stage, Eflornithine in late CNS stage

34
Q

What causes Chagas disease?

A

Trypanosome cruzi

35
Q

What is the site of infection of chagas disease?

A

amastigotes intracellular, heart, parasympathetic ganglia

36
Q

What is the mechanism of infection of chagas disease?

A

Kissing bug feces rubbed into eye. blood transfusion, transplacental transmission

37
Q

What is the treatment given for chagas disease?

A

Benznidazole

38
Q

What causes the cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

Leishmania major, leishmania tropica

39
Q

What is the site of infection for cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

skin, rolled edge ulceration

40
Q

What is the mechanism of infection of cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

sandfly injects promastigotes, amastigotes in macrophages, moncytes

41
Q

What is the treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

stibogluconate sodium, meglumine antimonate, pentamidine

Microbiology (2 decks)

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