Protoza Flashcards
Habitat of Aves
Terrestrial
Phylum Chordata:
Subphylum Mammalia:
Class Aves
Birds
Impact on Humans of Aves?
Food, pets, etc
Completxity? Symmetry? Skeleton? Sex? Size?
Aves
Very Complex Bilateral Symmetry Endoskeleton Unisexual Small-Very Large
Precocial Birds?
Active and independent after hatching
Ducks, geese, chickens
Altricial Birds?
Naked and helpless after hatching
Hawks, Songbirds
What do feet tell us? What do beaks tell us?
Where they spend their time and what they eat
Ability to Fly
Hollow bones
Wings
Feathers
One was respiration system
What do feathers do?
Provide insulation an enable flight
Phylum Chordata:
Subphylum Reptilia
Reptiles
Lizards, snakes, crocodilians, turtles
Habitat? Complexity? Size? Sex? Skeleton?
Reptilia
Aquatic and Terrestrial Complex Small-Very Large Unisexual Endoskeleton- Crocodilians Exoskeleton: Snakes, Lizards, Turtles
What is special about their skin?
Made of scales that hold in water
Protection
What is basking?
Basking is used by cold blooded animals to increase their body temperature by soaking up the sun.
Hemolytic Venom affects?
Blood stream
Neurotoxic Venom affects?
Nervous System
What is brooding?
Mother snake stays with her eggs
Chambers in the heart of Reptilia
Three
Chambers in the heart of Aves
4 chambers, like a mammal
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
Insects grasshoppers, beetles, butterflies etc.
Complexity? Size? Sex? Habitat? Symmetry?
Insecta
Complex Small Unisexual, Bisexual, Hermaphrodotic Terrestrial, some aquatic Bilateral and radial
Importance to Humans of Inscets
Food, pollination, silk, decomposers
How many legs do ALL insects have?
6
What are the insects variety of feeding habits?
Lapping
Chewing
Siphoning
Sponging
Complete Metamorphasis
Egg-Larve-Pupa-Adult
Larve and adult look nothing a like, pupa is a resting period, adults have wings
Incomplete Metamorphasis
Egg-Nymph-Adult
Nymph looks like an adult but smaller, adult has wings
How many antennae do insects have?
One pair
Phylum Platyhelminthyes
Flatworms
Examples: Planarian, tapeworm, fluke
Plat- helminth-
Plat- flat
helminth-worm
Complexity? Habitat? Sex? Symmetry? Cells? Movement?
Platyhelminthyes
Simple Terrestrial Bisexual, Hermaphroditic Bilateral Singe-celled Parasitic or free moving Segmented
Impact on Humans: Plathelminthyes
Parasites in humans and domestic animals
Tapeworms can cause forever epilepsy
Phylum Nematoda
Roundworms
Examples: Hookworms, pinworms, heartworms, trichinelle, vinegareels, ascaris
Complexity? Sex? Habitat? Movement? Symmetry? Size?
Nematoda
Simple Bisexual Terrestrial Parasitic, Free-moving Bilateral Small Segmented
Major types of Nematoda causing humans problems?
Hookworms and Heartworms
Phylum Rotifera
Rotifers
Complexity? Habitat? Size? Sex? Symmetry?
Rotifera
Simple Aquatic mostly freshwater Microscopic Bisexual, hermaphroditic Bilateral Viviparious
What is interesting about a Rotifers sex life?
Unfertilized eggs automatically become male
How do Rotifers feed?
They use cilia to whirlpool in their food into their mouths
Phylum Annelida
Segmented Worms
Examples: Sandworms, Leeches, Earthworms
Complexity? Habitat? Sex? Size? Symmetry? Movement?
Annelida
Simple Terrestrial Bisexual Small Bilateral Free moving, parasitic
What kind of organ systems do Annelida have?
Complex Digestive, muscles, sensory, excretory, respiratory
The have gizzards to digest their food
How do segmented worms exhibit segmentation?
They have rings where each segment is conected
Phylum Anthropoda
Joint-footed animals
Centipedes, insects, lobsters etc.
Activity Level? Behavior?
Anthropods
Mostly active
Decomposers, consumers, producers
How do Arthropods grow?
They grow by molting, or shedding their exoskeleton.
What are some improvements from Worms to Arthropods?
Arthropods have legs, some have claws, exoskeletons.
Class Merostomata
Horseshoe Crabs
Complexity? Habitat? Size? Sex? Symmetry?
Merostomata
Simple Aquatic, Delaware Bay Small Unisexual, Bisexual Bilateral
What do Merostomata use for respiration?
They use book gills to breathe
What kind of appendages do Merostomata have?
They have 5 pairs of legs, 2 claws, no antennae
Importance of Merostomata to humans?
Their blue blood is used in medical practices because it clots easily
Class Crustecea
Crustaceans
Subgroups:
Lobsters, Crayfish, Shrimp
Complexity? Habitat? Sex? Size? Symmetry? Skeleton?
Crustacea
Moderate Aquatic, mainly marine Unisexual Small- Medium Bilateral Exoskeleton
What appendages do Crustacea have?
2 pairs of antennae
2 legs on each segment
How to Crustacea breathe?
Through gills
What is an open cirulatory system?
There is nothing holding their blood in like veins
Importance to humans?
Crustacea
Food, income, aquatic ecosystem
Class Diplopoda
Millipedes
Complexity? Size? Sex? Symmetry?Skeleton? Habitat?
Diplopoda
Simple Small Unisexual, Bisexual Bilateral Exoskeleton Terrestrial, moist enviornment
How would you set up a meal worm colony in your classroom?
Have an open container with oatmeal and a potato for water and some soil
Easy to show the life cycle of an insect because the larvae and the adult eat the same thing and they don’t fly
Why are Museum Questions a good idea? Example.
Museum questions help keep the students on track and help them pay attention and read along with what they are exploring.
Which group of mammals can fly?
What is melanin?
What do antennae do?
They help arthropods sense what is around them, also taste things.
How many pairs of legs do Diplopoda have per segment?
They have 2 pairs of legs per segment so 4 legs
What is a millipedes behavior?
They are very timid and will not harm you. They are very easy to handle and would be a good classroom pet.
Class Arachnida
Spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites
Complexity? Size? Symmetry? Sex? Skeleton?
Arachnida
Simple Small Bilateral Unisexual Exoskelton
How many legs do Arachnida have?
The must have 8 legs and no antennae
How are Arachnida dangerous to humans?
Some species have a venomous bite
What type of disease can Arachnida carry?
Lyme Disease, ticks
Phylum Mollusca
Soft-bodied animals Chitons Snails/Slugs Clams/Oysters Squid/Octopus
Complexity? Size? Sex? Skeleton? Symmetry?
Mollusca
Simple Small- Very Large Hermaphroditic Exoskeleton Bilateral
What are some edible Mollusca?
Oysters, clams, mussels. squid, octopus
What kind of organ do Mollusca have that other have not thus far?
Kidneys
Phylum Echinodermata
Spiny-skin animals Sea Anemones Sea Cucumbers Sea Lilies Starfish
Complexity? Size? Sex? Symmetry? Skeleton?
Echinodermata
Moderate Small Bisexual, hermaphroditic Radial Endoskeleton
How do Echinodermata move?
They have tube feet that act as suction cups. Also, some are sessile.
How do the Echinodermata eat their food?
They throw their stomachs up and use their digestive juices to digest the food then slurp up the juice.
What is special about the Echinodermata’s segments?
Each of their segments have their own internal organs making it easy for them to regenerate limbs.
What are the 5 characteristics of Chordata?
Notochord Post-Anal Tail Ventral Heart Gill Slits Endoskeleton
What is a notochord?
It is a rod like, semi-rigid chord that stiffens the body.
Why are Urochordata and Cephalochordate not Vertebra?
Because they lack a vertabre
Chondrichthyes
Sharks and Rays
Cartilage Fish
How many chambers do Chondrichthyes have?
They have a 2 chamber heart
How do Chondrichthyes stay afloat?
They do not have a swim bladder so they cannot sleep. They have to constantly swim to keep oxygen moving over their gills.
Osteichthyes
Bony Fish
Eels, seahorses, tuna, catfish
How do Osteichthyes stay afloat?
They have swim bladder, operculum: a bony plate that covers the gils and causes water to move over the gills.
Name of fins
Back fin: Dorsal Fin Underneath Fin: Pelvic Fin Anas Fin: Anal Fin Tail Fin: Caudal Fin Arm Fin: Pectoral FIn
Class Amphibia
Amphibians Salamanders Frogs Toads Sirens
How many chambers does the Amphibia heart have?
Three
What is special about the Amphibia’s skin?
There are glands in their skin that keep it moist and help it breathe. Also, some contain poisons.
What improvements have Amphibia made?
Boney skeletons
Live both in and out of water
Have actual limbs
Cnidaria
Stinging-celled animals
Jellyfish
Sea Anemones
Coral
What are the different body forms of Cnidaria?
Polyps: Asexual reproduction, free-living
Medusae: Sexual, sessile
What is Cnidaria’s protection?
They have cells that stings things that try to harm them
Protozoa
Protozoans, microscopic, single celled
What is the common disease that Protozoan’s cause?
Malaria carried by Mosquitoes
How does a protozoan move?
Flagella, ameboid movement, or cilia
How do protozoans digest their food?
Across their cell membranes
Porferia
Sponges
Calcarea: Chalk Sponge
Demospongia: Spongey Sponge
Hexactinellida: Glass Sponge
How do Porifera feed?
They are filter feeders
Major characteristics of Mammalia?
Hair
Moveable eyelids
External fleshy ears
4 Chamber heart
Monotremata
Mammals that lay eggs
Precocial Mammals
Herbivores
Zebras, Cows, Dolphins
Altricial Mammals
Carnivores born blind
Cats, Dogs, Mice
