Prototheria to Rodentia Flashcards
Subclass: Prototheria
Has one order Monotremata
Order: Monotremata
- platypus, echidnas
- egg laying mammals
- no teeth in adults
- no auditory bullae
- pectoral girdle w/ precoracoids, coracoids, and interclavicles
Subclass: Theria
-Has 2 infraclasses (Metatheria and Eutheria)
Infraclass: Metatheria
- marsupials
- angular process of lower jaw inflected
- epipubic bones
Order: Didelphimorphia
- new world opposums
- polyprotodont
- pentadactylous
Order: Dasyuromorphia
- numbats, marsupial mice, tasmanian devils
- polyprotodont
- didactylous
Order: Diprotodontia
- wombats, kangaroos, koalas, australian possums
- diprotodont
- syndactylous
Infraclass: Eutheria
-placental mammals
Order: Macroscelidea
- elephant shrews
- East Africa
- feed on insects and plants
Order: Afrosoricida
-giant otter shrew, tenrecs, grant’s golden mole
Order: Tubulidentata
- aardvark is the only species
- teeth are homodont
Superorder: Paenungulata
- has 3 orders (Proboscidea, Sirenia, Hyracoidea)
- lack clavicle
- digits w/ short nails (front feet=4 toes)
- hind-gut fermenters
- horizontal teeth replacement
Order: Proboscidea
- elephants (3 species)
- lophodonts
- 6 teeth throughout entire life
Order: Hyracoidea
- hyraxes (11 species)
- closely related to elephants
- lophodonts
Order: Sirenia
-manatees, dugongs
Order: Pilosa
- sloth and anteater
- reduced or no cheek teeth
Order: Cingulata
- armadillos
- cheek teeth homodont
- extra zygopophyses on posterior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Order: Scandentia
- treeshrews
- closely related to ancestors of primates
- diurnal and arboreal
Order: Dermoptera
- colugos
- not true lemurs
- nocturnal
Order: Primates
-has 2 suborders (Strepsirhini and Haplorhini)
Suborder: Strepsirhini
- lemurs, lories, bushbabies
- have wet noses
- upper lip divided
- foramen magnum directed posteriorly
Suborder: Haplorhini
- tarsiers, new world monkeys, old world monkeys
- upper lip undivided
- have dry noses
Order: Rodentia
- makes up 40% of all mammals
- has 8 families
Family: Castoridae
-beavers
Family: Sciuridae
- squirrels, marmots, prairie dogs, chipmunks
- prominent postorbital processes
Family: Geomyidae
- pocket gophers
- incisors may have large grooves
- 8 shaped premolars
Family: Heteromyidae
- pocket mice, kangaroo rats
- heart shaped skulls
- infraorbital foramen pierces nasal septum
Family:Dipodidae
- jumping mice, jerboas, birch mice
- 4 upper cheek teeth
- grooved upper incisors
- oval shaped infraorbital foramen
Family: Cricetidae
- mice, voles, woodrats, muckrats, etc
- 3 upper cheek teeth
- keyhole shaped infraorbital foramen
- has 2 subfamilies (Neotominae and Arvicolinae)
Subfamily: Neotominae
- new world rats and mice (deer mice, grasshopper mice, harvest mice, woodrats, cotton rats)
- curved brain case
- 2 rows of cusps on teeth
Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- voles, lemmings, muskrat
- square brain case
- prismatic teeth
Family: Muridae
-has one subfamily (Murinae)
Subfamily: Murinae
- old world rats and mice
- curved brain case
- 3 rows of cusps on teeth
Family: Erethizontidae
- new world porcupines
- range from arctic to argentina
