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audio engineering II > ProTools 210M Chapters 1-10 > Flashcards

ProTools 210M Chapters 1-10 Flashcards

1
Q

Why is it important to ensure that each MIDI device in a daisy-chained setup uses unique channels for its MIDI signals?

A

So that midi signals won’t combine; this could result in cross-talk between other devices

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2
Q

Under what conditions would you need to use MIDI Studio Setup (MSS) or Audio MIDI Setup (AMS)? What is the difference between MSS and AMS?

A

-One is for Windows only (MSS), and one is for Mac(AMS)
- You need to use it when configuring the computer so that all connected MIDI equipment is seen

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3
Q

What two signal flow systems are involved when working with MIDI instruments?

A

Control Signal and audio signal

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4
Q

Describe two ways to change a song’s start time.

A

By dragging the song Start marker and by using the move song start operation. ( Event > Time >operation > Move song start

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5
Q

Manually dragging the session Song Start Marker to a new location affects the timing of all data and clips on what type of tracks?

A

it will affect any existing memory locations that bar|beat based and tick based track content. It won’t affect any sample-based track and no absolute-based memory locations.

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6
Q

What modifier would you hold to add a Meter Change by clicking on the Meter ruler?

A

Control Click

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7
Q

When might you want to use the Time Operations window rather than the Meter Change window to insert a meter change?

A

This allows you to access advanced setting that aren’t in the meter change window.

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the Identify Beat command? What condition would cause the Identify Beat command to be grayed out in the Event menu?

A
  • Identify beat command lets you specify how long the selection is in bars/beats . This also has protools realign the gird accordingly.
  • Manual tempo mode will cause the identify beat function to be grayed out. Tempo ruler has to be enabled.
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9
Q

What is MIDI Beat Clock? How many pulses does it provide per quarter note?

A

24 Pulses per quarter note.
It is a clock that sends out a signal that keeps the midi devices synchronized.

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10
Q

What are some advantages of routing the audio from your hardware MIDI instruments through the Pro Tools mixer?

A

-You can record or render your MIDI performance as audio anytime
-All audio signals are managed in a single integrated environment
-You can use protools automation in mixer channels
-Your mixer will be stored and recalled as part of the session
-You can use plug ins to process audio from your midi instruments

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11
Q

What are some considerations you need to take into account when connecting the audio from an external MIDI instrument or synthesizer directly to an HD-series audio interface?

A

the level of the signal.

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12
Q

What dialog box allows you to import track elements from another session to use as track templates? How would you go about importing Mix and Edit Groups to use with track templates?

A

Choose file > import > Session data ( option shift I ). You would use the, track data to import, pop-up menu

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13
Q

What is the purpose of saving Track Presets? How would you go about specifying the attributes to save with a Track Preset?

A

Allows you to recall track data
Track data recall menu

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14
Q

How would you go about recalling the plug-ins from a Track Preset for use as an effects chain on an existing track in your session?

A

Right-click on a track name and select recall. inserts/sends > preset name

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15
Q

How can you assign MIDI controls to plug-in parameters? What kind of message is used for this purpose?

A

Fixed CC assignments or editable Learning assignments
Midi CC

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16
Q

How can you record the control data used to modify virtual instrument parameters? What must you do to record control data to a MIDI clip in a subsequent record pass?

A

-Right Click plug in control and select learn midi CCin the pop up menu
-Record enable the track containing virtual instrument
-On the Midi controller, move the knob, slider, or other control that you want to assign a plug-in to.
-The plug in will respond to the motion of the controller, letting you know the CC device is correctly assigned
Record

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17
Q

What are some differences between Pro Tools automatzsion and MIDI CC data?

A

CC data and Midi notes are recorded the same way.
CC data can only be recorded with midi controller
CC Data is written into midi clips and each edit playlist has its own CC event Graph. Automation only has one playlist for each automatable track
Cc data has slower resolution and timing accuracy than automation

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18
Q

How can you configure Pro Tools to write plug-in automation for virtual instrument parameters while completing a MIDI record pass? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using this method?

A

-Set the plug in parameter to Midi CC Learn
-Enable automation for the parameters that are gonna be changed nd set track tio latch
-In setup > preferences > operation tab select enable Automation in record

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19
Q

What is the MIDI Input Filter used for? When would you want to filter MIDI aftertouch parameters? When would you not want to filter aftertouch?

A

-Can be used to prevent specified MIDI messages from being recorded.
-You want to have a large amount of midi information being sent to to midi clips
-You won’t want to filter when all messages that are coming have to be recorded

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20
Q

What are some ways to convert a MIDI virtual instrument recording to audio? What is the purpose of doing this conversion?

A

Committing track and Freezing track
You do this the help CPU processing
To commit the plug in processing

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21
Q

What are some differences between the Commit Tracks function and Track Freeze? What are some advantages and disadvantages of Track Freeze as compared to Commit Tracks?

A

-Track freeze is more temporary, and commit tracks are more permanent.
-In frozen tracks, most editing functions are disabled
-Commit tracks does let you apply audio based edit operations.
-Track freeze is fast and simple and doesn’t add a track. It is reversible.

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22
Q

When rendering a MIDI performance as audio, how can you render a pre-plug-in signal directly out of the virtual instrument?

A

You can use Freeze Up to this Insert or Commit Up to this Insert

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22
Q

When recording audio, which monitoring mode lets you monitor live input on tracks at all times? What are some ways of toggling between monitoring modes?

A

-Audio Input Monitoring
-To toggle between monitor modes, click on the track input button for each track or option-click the track input button.
-Option shift-click on the tracks track-input button to toggle all selected track

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23
Q

What are QuickPunch and TrackPunch record modes used for? How many running punches does QuickPunch mode allow per record take?

A

-They’re recording modes that let you punch in instantly on any audio track that’s record enabled
-Allows for 200 per record take

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24
Q

What is the primary difference between QuickPunch mode and TrackPunch mode?

A

Track Punch enables you to drop in and out on different tracks at different times within the same pass, whereas Quick Punch will only drop in and out on all the selected tracks at the same time.

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25
Q

What are some advantages and disadvantages of using QuickPunch or TrackPunch mode for recording?

A

Advantages
You can activate noncontagious clips without stopping playback, and record on the fly without stopping playback.
Disadvantages
Tracks enabled for quick/track punch use twice as many voices
Loop playback is not available when quick/track punch are enabled

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26
Q

What are Edit playlists used for? How can you display Playlists in lanes in the Edit window?

A

Edit playlists can be used to record/edit different takes on tracks,
You can display them using Activate Playlist View

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27
Q

How would you go about recording to multiple playlists, one take at a time? How can you record multiple takes to separate playlists automatically?

A

-One take at a time
Record arm track/s
Select playlist view on track
Record a take using any of the recording modes

-To record multiple takes
Enable loop record mode
In operation tab, enable - automatically create new playlists when loop recording.
Record arm track
Make a timeline selection across the range you want to record
Record

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28
Q

When recording to automatically created playlists, where does the last take reside?

A

In the main Playlist

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29
Q

How can you audition alternate takes in Playlist view? How can you solo-isolate a playlist lane to listen to it without playing back the other tracks in the session?

A

-Put tracks in the playlist view
-Enable loop playback
-Make a selection of alternate takes and begin playback
-Clock solo on alternate playlist
-Shift+S(solo quick key)
-Solo the track on the main playlist then Solo the alternate playlist one by one

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30
Q

How can you rate the clips on playlist lanes to easily keep track of the preferred sections of each take? How can you filter the playlist lanes to eliminate takes with clips rated below a certain threshold?

A

-View>clip> rating
-Hold Control + option + command and type in rating OR right club on clip and choose rating
-For a selection( create new clip ) B or COMMAND E then Hold Control + option + command and type in rating

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31
Q

How would you go about promoting a selection from an alternate playlist to the Main Playlist for the purposes of building a composite?

A

Make a selection
Click copy selection to target playlist button ( Up arrow next to solo button )
OR
Option Shift Up Arrow

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32
Q

What are some ways to activate Dynamic Transport mode? What effect does Dynamic Transport mode have on the display of the Main Timebase ruler?

A

-Options> Dynamic Transport
-Control + command + P
-Right click on Play button in transport/edit window and choose dynamic transport mode from pop up
-When active, the main timebase ruler expands to double the height a play start marker is also added( blue triangle) bottom half

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33
Q

How can you reposition the Dynamic Transport Play Start Marker? Can this be done during playback?

A

Yes it can be done during playback, click anywhere in play strip to move marker. Double click when stopped
To reposition:
-any edit tool selected, click and drag marker
-Any edit tool selected, click anywhere in the Marks strip. Play marker jumps to location
-click fast forward or rewind buttons in transport/edit window. Relocates marker by standard fast forward/rewind
-click and hold fast forward or rewind

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34
Q

What are some ways that crossfades can be modified? What is the difference between the Equal Power and Equal Gain linking options for crossfades?

A

Equal Power cross fades boost amplitude at the midpoint of cross fade, used if not phase aligned.
equal gain does not (used if phase aligned)
You can link the incoming and outgoing fade shapes, using either equal gain or equal power you can also make custom fade shapes

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35
Q

What modifier can you use to close the gap between two clips when trimming?

A

Hold control and use trim tool

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36
Q

How can you create custom fade shapes for problematic edits in the Fades dialog box?

A

To adjust the center point of a fade
-Double click with the grabber tool the fade, this opens fade dialogue box
-Click and drag left or right on the display, this will shape the fades center point

To adjust the in and out slopes independently
-Set the link option to none in fades dialogue box
-Move the Black Square at the end of the graph

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37
Q

How can the Pencil tool be used for waveform repair? What are some precautions you should take when using the Pencil tool to repair audio?

A

-Zoom in to Sample level, use freehand to edit waveform
-Back up audio file by duplicating in clip-list or playlist

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38
Q

What are some functions that Beat Detective can be used for? What are the five Beat Detective modes?

A

Create Groove Templates: It can extract the rhythm feel from n audio or midi clip.
Extract a tempo map from a freely recorded audio or midi clip
Conform Audio to Tempo Map
Smooth Edits
Loop Matching
Creating remixes

5 Beat detective modes
-Bar|Beat marker generation
-Groove Template Extraction
-Clip Separation(only audio)
-Clip Conform(Only Audio)
-Edit Smoothing(only Audio)

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39
Q

Why is it important to define a selection for Beat Detective? Should this selection be created in Grid mode? Why or why not?

A

It is important because in order for beat detective to correctly analyze a selection the length and meter have to be defined correctly.
No, because the selection wont match the current grid unless the performance already has a session tempo

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40
Q

What are beat triggers used for in Beat Detective? How can you add or delete beat triggers if needed?

A

Beat triggers are markers based on peak transients detected in the performance
Top add or delete beat triggers
Click in selection to add
To delete option click

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41
Q

What is the purpose of applying Smoothing to edits created in Beat Detective? Can edit smoothing be applied to edits created outside of Beat Detective?

A

-It is to fix gaps in the audio
-Yes you can edit smoothing on any edits even if it wasnt made using beat detective

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42
Q

When/why might you want to consolidate clips after using Beat Detective?

A

When you are satisfied with your work using beat detective you can consolidate. this will make it easier for the session to playback more easily because it will free up CPU

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43
Q

What is the difference between grid quantization and groove quantization?

A

Grid quantization: Aligns notes/events to a specific timing grid
Groove Quantization: aligns notes/events to a groove template, giving it a more natural feel.

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44
Q

What kinds of changes can you roll back with the Restore Performance command? What conditions would make the Restore Performance command unable to restore an earlier state?

A

-Quantize, change duration change velocity, or transpose commands , pitch changes can be undone .
-Does not undo cut, copied, pasted or any manually moved midi notes. Create a new playlist or save a copy before editing
-The flatten performance command defines a new baseline value.

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45
Q

What function can you use to create a smooth velocity ramp-up (crescendo) over a specified period of time on a MIDI or Instrument track? How is this function different from using the Pencil tool to draw a velocity ramp?

A

Change velocity operation.
Event operations > change velocity command.
Change smoothly by percentage.

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46
Q

What is the difference between Track‐based Real‐Time Properties and Clip‐based Real‐Time Properties? How is each indicated on the clips in a track playlist?

A

-Track based real time properties: affect an entire track/s
-Clip based real time properties: affects only selected clips.
-T is for track Based and R is for clip based. ( Used to mean region)

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47
Q

How can you write Real-Time Properties into a clip, a selection of clips, or a track?

A

Event < midi real time properties
Make sure the APPLY TO menu shows the selected clips and not a track.

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48
Q

What are some ways to select notes on a MIDI or Instrument track using the mini-keyboard? What are some uses for this technique?

A

Notes View: with or without tab to transients enabled:
Choosing a note on mini keyboard will select across entire track, hold command selects non adjacent notes, hold shift selects adjacent notes .
You can use this to transpose into a key, or split notes between tracks .

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49
Q

What are some options for transposing notes with the arrow keys? How can you duplicate notes as you transpose?

A

Chromatic and Diatonic

hold the option key

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50
Q

What are some uses of the Select/Split Notes function?

A

To identify a range of notes for selective processing by another MIDI operation, and
Split pitch ranges to different tracks to use different sound sources.
Example, you can split the left-hand and right had notes in a performance.
Split notes of different durations.
Split chords into seperate monophonic clips
Split polyphonic drum tracks out into separate tracks

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51
Q

What are some examples of multi-timbral plug-ins that are included with Pro Tools?

A

XPAND
UVI Falcon

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52
Q

1) How many drum parts can be triggered separately in the Xpand!2 plug-in? How can the drum sounds for each part be customized?

A

4 separate parts, can customize using the part selectors

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53
Q

How would you go about adding a Violin patch to the Structure Free plug-in? How can you route MIDI tracks to different patches in the Structure Free plug-in?

A

Change the Patch in structure free to a violin patch.
Assign each patch to a specific midi channel and assign the same number to the midi tracks

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54
Q

What are some ways to open a MIDI Editor window?

A

Control Equals
Window > Midi editor
Double click on midi clip with grabber tool
Right click on midi clip > open in midi editor

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55
Q

What is the difference between opening the MIDI Editor from the View menu (View > Other Displays > MIDI Editor) and opening it from the Window menu (Window > MIDI Editor)?

A

Midi editor from view pops it up in the edit window while selecting midi editor from window opens a new window.

56
Q

How can you set which MIDI track is affected by the Pencil Tool in a MIDI Editor?

A

By clicking in the pencil column in the tracks list

57
Q

What two ways can Edit tools be displayed in the toolbar of a MIDI Editor window? How can you switch between display modes?

A

There is a condensed mode ( a single tool button), and an expanded mode that looks just like the edit window. To switch between display modes, you toggle between them by selecting EXPANDED EDIT TOOLS in the midi editors drop-down menu.

58
Q

What are some differences between Targeted and un‐Targeted MIDI Editor windows?

A

Only one midi editor window can be targeted at a time
One or more unaries MIDI windows can remain open at the same time.
Targeting a midi editor window disables any other midi editor windows.

59
Q

What are the two views available for displaying tracks in the notes pane of the MIDI Editor? What color-coding options are available for notes in a MIDI Editor?

A

Piano roll view and Notation View
You can color code by clip, track, and y velocity

60
Q

What is the main difference in the way notation is displayed in the Score Editor compared to the Notation View in the MIDI Editor?

A

The score editor lets you view and edit the midi tracks in a more traditional view.

61
Q

Describe some methods available for opening the Score Setup window. Describe some methods available for opening the Notation Display Track Settings window.

A

FIle> Score Setup
From track list pop up menu in score editor window, choose score setup
Right-click in the score editor window and choose score setup
Double-click the title/composer labels on the first page of the score
For notation display settings,
Right-click in the score editor and choose NOTATION DISPLAY TRACK SETTINGS
Double click the clef on a staff
In the track list pop-up menu, in score editor window, choose NOTATION DISPLAY TRACK SETTINGS

62
Q

What are some of the attributes available for adjusting the appearance of tracks in a score?

A

The clef. Display transposition and display quantization

63
Q

How can you set the kind of Staff used for a track in the Score Editor?

A

Use the clef pop up menu

64
Q

What happens to the MIDI data in a track if you modify the Transposition or Display Quantization settings used in the Score Editor?

A

Nothing

65
Q

What Edit tools can you use to select notes in the Score Editor window?

A

Selector Grabber Pencil

66
Q

What Edit tools can you use to insert or add notes in the Score Editor window?

A

The pencil or the grabber tool

67
Q

What are some virtual instruments in Pro Tools that can be used to create MIDI drums?

A

Boom and Xpand!2, falcon

68
Q

What is the effect of the Grid size when using the Line Pencil tool to draw MIDI notes? How can you specify the velocity that will be used when you draw MIDI notes with the Pencil tool?

A

The notes are placed according to their grid size, click and drag using the line tool to string out a set of notes using that grid
You change the default note velocity

69
Q

What are some ways that Groove Quantization can add a human feel to programmed MIDI drums? How can you randomize velocities to add some variation to MIDI drums?

A

select the range of notes MIDI you wish to affect
In the event operations window select change velocities.
Enable the randomize checkbox then set a value for the slider
- “Apply the velocity change to the selected midi notes

you can do that by modifying both the timing and velocities of the notes.

70
Q

What are some options available for processing MIDI drums so that different processing is applied to different parts of the virtual drum kit?

A

You can separate each drum track to a different midi track
Split the notes to separate tracks using the select/split function.
Output midi to multiple copies of the drum plugin using AOS

71
Q

What process can you use to send the MIDI output from a single Instrument track to multiple separate virtual instrument plug-ins (such as multiple instances of Xpand!2)?

A

Control click on the instruments midi output path selector

72
Q

What are some examples of drum instruments that support Auxiliary Output Stem (AOS) routing? How can AOS routing be used for processing MIDI drums?

A

Airstrike 2, XLN Audios addictive drums 2, toontracks sup.drummer 2.0, FXpansions BFD3

AOS allows you to seperate drums individually onto different tracks. Without putting stress on your processing power.

73
Q

What are some reasons you might want to convert MIDI drums to audio?

What are some methods you can use to easily make this conversion?

A

-Because it lets you perform audio processing, without having to make a duplicate instance of the drum plug in
-Consolidate the midi clips

74
Q

What happens when you apply Commit Tracks or Track Freeze to an Instrument track hosting a plug-in with AOS routing to multiple Aux Input tracks?

A

The original instrument track, if committed, will be replaced by audio tracks
Or
If frozen, it will be frozen with audio waveform overlays

75
Q

What process can be used to supplement an audio drum recording with MIDI drums? How can you align MIDI notes with the corresponding hits on an audio drum track?

A

using tab to transients
Program the midi drums manually. To do this you will you TAB to TRANSIENTS, which will locate each hit and then you will paste the midi note at the location in the instrument track.

76
Q

When reinforcing recorded drums with MIDI drums or drum samples, how can you quickly move the Edit cursor between the source track and the reinforcement track?

A

With A-Z mode active, use P and semicolon keys to to move up and down the tracks

77
Q

What are some limitations and potential problems you may face when using the copy/paste method with drum samples? How can you mitigate these effects?

A

Use the replace clip function or use sound replace
Audio to midi

Problems with tempos correlating as well as copy/paste could result in triggers that will be lacking dynamic variation.
For replace clip function, Select original clip and Command shift drag replacement

78
Q

What are two ways to access the Replace Clip function for swapping out drum samples in your session?

A

Drag and drop
Replace clip command in the clips list pop up menu

79
Q

What are Trigger Zones used for in SoundReplacer? How can you adjust the range of each zone?

A

Amplitudes- soft medium and hard

Adjust range by setting a threshold.

80
Q

When editing multi-track drums, why should you make sure the same edits are applied to all tracks at once?

A

This is done to maintain phase relationships.

81
Q

Why is it important to use close-miked tracks to generate your beat triggers?

A

The reason to do this is that if you were to use a beat trigger on a hit that was recorded by a mic at a distance, the same hit on the close mic could be cut in half when the clips are separated.

82
Q

Under what conditions can you use the Capture Selection button in Beat Detective to identify the selection of audio you wish to analyze? When will this option not work properly?

A

To match the meter and session tempo, this won’t work if the session doesn’t match the tempo

83
Q

How do tempo events appear in the Tempo ruler?

1a) How do Bar|Beat Markers appear?

A

Tempo events are yellow triangles followed by a note icon and BPM notation (tick based)
Bar beat markers are blue(sample based)

  • To change command click
84
Q

Can the Tempo ruler display tempo events and Bar|Beat Markers simultaneously? Explain.

A

No, because tempo events are tick based while bar|beat are sample based

85
Q

How can you switch the Tempo ruler display between tempo events and Bar|Beat Markers?

A

Command + click the add tempo change button then choose the display for popup menu .

86
Q

What happens to existing tempo events when you change the Tempo ruler display to Bar|Beat Markers?

A

They will be converted to bar beat markers as well

87
Q

Describe the differences in the ways tempo events and Bar|Beat Markers affect tempo.

A

Tempo - causes a specified tempo change to occur at the insertion point

Bar|Beat - Cause tempo markers based on the delimited range; do not cause a tempo change at the insertion point unless bordered by another bar|beat marker.

88
Q

How is MIDI data affected by tempo changes on a sample-based track? On a tick-based track?

5a) On a tick-based track?

A

Sample based tracks are not affected by tempo changes
Tick based tracks will be conformed to the tempo change.

89
Q

How are audio clips affected by tempo changes on a tick-based track without Elastic Audio? With Elastic Audio?

A

W/elastic audio - audio clips will move to maintain their respective bar|beat position. however the audio will be warped to match tempo ruler.

Without elastic audio- audio clips will move to maintain their start time relative to bar|beat. And audio will maintain its original length

90
Q

Describe two different methods to display the Graphic Tempo Editor.

A

View > ruler > tempo editor
Click the expand: collapse triangle at head of tempo ruler

91
Q

What are some ways to edit tempo events in the Graphic Tempo Editor?

A

Use grabber tool. Grab the vertical line and drag left/righjt to change speed
Or
Use pencil tool and draw it in

92
Q

What Pencil shapes can you use to edit tempo? Which shapes are unavailable for editing tempo?

A

Freehand, line, parabolic, S curve
Triangle square and random are unavailable

93
Q

Describe three ways to use the Trim tool to adjust a range of tempo events in the Tempo Editor.

A
  • to scale tempo of selected events click within selected area and drag up or down
  • grab start or end handle drag up or down to speed up or slow down
  • Click selection boundary and drag left or right
94
Q

What function does the Advanced checkbox have in the Tempo Operations window?
What function does the Calculate pop‐up menu offer?

A

The selections changes to main time scale. More advanced options also become available

Calculate pop up menu allows you to select a parameter to automatically calculate based on the other parameters entered

95
Q

Why might you want to use Beat Detective to create a tempo map? What Beat Detective mode would you use for this purpose?

A

When you want to create a tempo map based on the material in your session tracks, it allows you to quantize material on other tracks to match the timing and feel of any particular recorded/imported track and/or to work in grid mode with material that was not recorded to a click.
You would use bar|beat marker generation

96
Q

What are some ways of adding a key change event to the Pro Tools timeline?

A

Event > add key change
Click add key signature on [*]

97
Q

How can you prevent the MIDI data on a track from transposing when you add a key change-based modulation? Why might you want to protect certain tracks from transposing?

A

Click on tracks playlist selector and deselect pitched option
You could ask insert the key change at the beginning ir where its needed.
Use non pitched tracks for midi drums and samplers.

Some percussion is pitched ie. timpani, xylophone those would be pitched while a drum set is not

98
Q

What is the purpose of Sound Libraries in a browser window? How can you add a sound collection to Pro Tools’ designated Sound Libraries?

A

The purpose of Sound Libraries is to make it easier to search and retrieve files in the system. Sound libraries store collections of tagged music loops, samples, SFX, and other audio files designated to sound libraries.

To add a sound collection to the sound library
- Go to the sound collection library in the workspace browser
- Right-click on top-level folder for sound and select ADD sound Library location from pop-up menu

99
Q

What are catalogs and how are they useful in music production? How would you go about displaying a catalog in a Workspace browser?

A

Catalogs give the user a way to store/organize items independent of where they are physically stored. It’s a shortcut to finding something quicker.
To display a Catalog in workspace browser
- Open workspace browser
- Click expand/collapse triangle that is next to the catalog icons
- Use the triangle next to the file to see contents within the file.
- To display in workspace browser click on file

100
Q

What are some ways to create a new catalog in Pro Tools?

A

Empty Catalog
- Open workspace browser
- Right click on catalog icon in locations pane and select New catalog from within the pop up menu.
- Enter a name unique to catalog and press okay

To create from selection of items
- Open workspace
- Select the items to be included in new catalog
- Right click on selected and choose CREATE NEW CATALOG FROM SELECTION
- Enter name unique to catalog and select okay.

To create a catalog of entire folder /volume
- Open workspace and go the folder/volume you want to catalog
- Drag and drop folder/volume on catalogs icon in location pane
Or
- Right clock folder/volume, select CREATE CATALOG FROM SELECTION in pop up menu
- Enter name unique to catalog and select okay.

101
Q

How could you go about removing a file from a catalog?

A

To remove file from catalog
- Select items to be removed in workspace pane
- Press DELETE, or right click on selected items and choose remove
- Click delete will remove aliases and delete/trash lines associated
- Click remove will delete only aliases and leave associated files on disk

102
Q

What happens when you import offline files from a catalog? How are offline files indicated in a session?

A

The offline files when imported, will be spotted on the session timeline, and when the session is reopened with the required volume, it will be automatically imported int o the session
The clips will be light blue in the timeline. They will also be in the render sources filler in workspace browser.

103
Q

What are some ways to spot imported audio to a specific location in a session?

A

From browser window
- Place edit cursor at desired location on target track
- Open browser window and locate file to import
- Right click file and select spot to edit insertion

Using spot mode
- Identify Bar|Beat location in session where you want to spot the clip
- Place pro tools into spot mode and drag clip onto the track or, if clip is already on track, click on it with grabber tool
Or
Right click on clip(if already on track) and select SPOT from pop up menu
- Click the bar|beats tools timescale(if necessary) using the time scale selector at top of dialogue box, enter bar|beat location in start, sync, or end fields
- Click okay
Using Keyboard commands
To spot clip to the current cursor position
- Make sure to place insertion cursor air exact place in the timeline
- Use control click to snap clips start to cursor ( ABC active use H)
- Control + shift + click to snap clips sync point to cursor ( ABC active use J)
- Control + command + click to snap clips end to cursor ( ABC active use K

Using The POP up menu

  • Place edit cursor exact position where you want to spot clip
  • Command + right + click on the clip
  • One the pop up menu that appears choose
  • Move clip start to selection starts
  • Move clip sync to selection start
  • Move clip end to selection start
104
Q

What two types of timestamps does Pro Tools provide? What is the difference between them?

A

Original timestamp: Written into the metadata, Cannot be erased or edited

User timestamp: alternate timestamp, can be modified by user at any time

105
Q

How would you go about updating the User Timestamp for a clip?

A

In clip list
- Select TIME STAMP from clip list menu
Or
- Right click on clip and select time stamp from pop-up menu
- User time stamp dialogue box will display
- Enter new timecode

106
Q

9) What are some ways that clip gain can be used in a music production scenario?

A

clip gain can be used to emphasize attack or add sustain.
Kind of like working with Velocity

107
Q

What is the difference between Edit Lock and Time Lock? What icon is displayed on a clip for each?

A

Edit locking - protects a clip from unwanted edits. To un/Lock Command + L. A clip with edit lock on will display an alert if/when an edit is attempted
Displays a lock(filled in) symbol on clip

Time lock: protects a clip from movement while allowing edits
Time lock clips can be separated, trimmed, processed w/ audio suit plugins, coloslidated, and moved to another track to the same timeline location.
Will display an alert when you attempt to perform an edit that will affect its location in the timeline.
Time lock contains a lock( transparent) symbol on clip

108
Q

How is the Cut Time operation useful for song arrangement? What kinds of session data can be included in a Cut Time operation?

A

Cut time removes everything within a range of time in all track. Once this is done all content is then shuffled to frill the gap.
Useful for removing song sections, because it contains rulers - tempo, meter, and marker info
It places the removed section in the clip board

109
Q

When copying and pasting across all tracks in a session, why it is important to include the rulers in your selection?

A

This is done to make sure meter/tempo changes are copied over

110
Q

13) What are some considerations for crossfading clip groups?

A
  • Can have fade and cross fades
  • Fades will apply only to audio clips. MIDI clips( contained in clip group) cannot have fades
  • Crossfading between two clip groups and crossfading between a clip group and an ungrouped Audi clip is allowed
111
Q

Describe the effect on timing of recorded MIDI while Delay Compensation is active. How does Pro Tools address the associated issues?

A

The performance is done against tracks that are being delayed, in turn the midi parts are delayed.
To make up for this pro tools shifts the midi earlier in time time to compensate

112
Q

Name three ways to create a MIDI offset.

A

Global offset: affects playback of MIDI and instrument tracks. Setup > Preferances
- Track Offset: allows you to adjust tracks individually Event > MIDi track Offset
- Real-time properties offset

113
Q

What dialog box can you use to specify hardware insert delays for Pro Tools’ delay compensation?

A

Hardware insert dialogue box in I/O setup window.

114
Q

Why is it a good idea to organize your sessions before starting to mix? What are some techniques you can use to organize a session?

A

-For quick/efficient access
- You order the tracks so that tracks that are similar go next to each other
- Use clear names
- Color code tracks/clips/ and markers
- Create groups
- Create memory locations
- Use scroll to track( track > scroll to track) to find the desired track faster

115
Q

Give some examples of how submixing is useful for music production mixing?

A

Sub mixing is useful in music production because it allows you to balance the mix from a small number of faders

116
Q

What two methods can you use to assign source tracks to Aux Input tracks for submixing?

A
  • manually assign outputs to Busses, and then assign to aux tracks
    Or
  • route track from the source output selector directly to aux
117
Q

What are some reasons you might want to set up your mix for printing stems? How are stems useful in a music production environment?

A
  • Stems can be used to rebalance mix at a later stage
  • Time based efx Can be recorded separately from the main(dry) stems. This allows you to too re blend wet and dry at a later time
  • Stems can be used to create radio edits.
  • Makes it easier to create a clean track
  • When using outboard gear, like compressors, it can be captured in the stems. This saves setup time and elimates recall issues when doing another remix/balance
  • Stems can be used on any daw
118
Q

What are the two families of Write commands that Pro Tools provides for creating static automation?

A
  • manual write and write on stop buttons in automation window
  • Write to current and write to all enabled commands in the edit menu
119
Q

What are the main differences between the Manual Write commands in the Automation window and the Write commands found in the Edit > Automation menu?

A

automation window write commands
- Can be accessed from automation window
- Write parameters too all oparamaters that are writing
- Not active if you suspend automation
- Will only write to tracks in a write/latch/touch/ or touch/latch

Edit menu write commands
- Accesed from edit> automation menu
- Can be used during playback or stopped
- Only writes on tracks containing an edit selection

120
Q

What automation playlists are affected by the Write To Current command? What automation playlists are affected by the Write To All Enabled command?

A

Write to current
- writes to Currently displayed automation playlist in edit selection
Write to all enabled
- writes setting to all automation parts in edit selection
- Unless it is disabled in edit window

121
Q

Is the effect of the Write commands in the Edit menu limited to automation playlists that are currently writing automation?

A

No they are not affected by track automation

122
Q

What are the advantages of using Preview mode compared to using the Suspend function for automation?

A

With preview mode active mixer and automation will continue to play back as normal, once a control is touched that parameter becomes isolated from its automation
It doesn’t affect the mix so you can experiment with mixer and plug in settings
The previous mix can be recovered by exiting preview

123
Q

How is using Preview with the Manual Write to All command different from using Preview with the Write to All Enabled command? What are some considerations that apply to each?

A

With manual write to all
- Every parameter that is changed in preview mode is written in timeline selection
- If you change the parameters on more than one track automation is drawn on each
Written to enabled
- every enabled mixer/plug in parameter is written in edit selection at current level .

124
Q

What are two ways to use Punch Preview for automating sections of a session? When might you use each?

A
  • punch in during playback
  • Cue up and punch in
125
Q

What are some situations where you might use Trim automation? What color is used to display Trim automation playlists?

A

You might use trim automation to adjust overall levels without losing any existing automation

It useful for adjusting the balance of existing automation as well.
- trim graph is yellow
- Main volume graph is black
- Composite graph is blue’ (hearing)

126
Q

What are three options available for creating stem files? What are the differences between them?

A
  • Bounce pre-insert, Pre-fader stems - create stems for each instrument group.
    are not affected by any insert processing, level changes, automation,
    can be created using buses feeding aux inputs
  • Bounce post-insert, Pre-fader stems - create stems that include effects of inserts on a sub-mix tracks,
    does not include any level changes or volume automation,
    these stems can be created using pre-fader sends from the sub-mix aux input tracks
  • Bounce post-insert, Post-fader stems - creates stems that represent the final sub- mixes for each instrument group,
    allows you to pretty much recreate final mix from sub-mix stems,
    Does not include rocessing applied to the sub-master or master fader
    can be created using post-fader sends from the sub-mix aux input tracks
127
Q

How would you configure the Track Bounce dialog box to render pre-fader stems?

A

Uncheck the volume checkbox under render automation

128
Q

How would you go about configuring new bus paths for bouncing or printing stems?

A

Click new patch in bus page of Io setup box
In new path dialogue box Crete new stereo bus paths for each stem you wish to create
Click create

129
Q

What keyboard modifier combination can you use to assign cascading stereo sends to all selected tracks? How is this useful for creating stems?

A

Command option shift creates cascading assignments on the selected tracks

Makes it easy to create cascading assignments
Command shift down arrow or plus button to add more bounce source rows
Up to 16 total sources can be a added/bounced at the same time

130
Q

How can you add multiple bounce sources in the Bounce dialog box? What is the maximum number of sources you can bounce at one time?

A

Command shift down arrow or plus button to add more bounce source rows
Up to 16 total sources can be a added/bounced at the same time

131
Q

How can you go about quickly rendering stems to tracks in your session? How can you recognize the rendered files in the Audio Files folder?

A

Destructive punch record mode

Files have to start at the beginning of session
File lengths must be =< the destructive file length setting in operation page
Does not supported on audio suite
Rendered clips habe handles

132
Q

What record mode would you use to punch in and out on the fly while performing a destructive record pass? What are some requirements for using this record mode?

A

Destructive punch record mode

133
Q

What does theDestructivePunch File Lengthsetting affect? When is this setting applicable, and why is it important to set the value correctly for your session?

A

Determines the max length and timeline location available for a destructive pass
Is useful to set duration used by prepared DPE tracks command
If value is set to low you will not br able to tail end of stems

134
Q

How is thePrepare DPE Trackscommand useful when working in DestructivePunch Record mode? What are two ways to execute this command?

A

Individual tracks and multiple tracks
Option
Destructive punch or right click record button in trasport
Ands select destructive punch
Or
Choose options - prepare due tracks

135
Q

How would you use DestructivePunch mode to punch in and out on individual tracks? How would you use it to punch in and out on multiple tracks simultaneously?

A

Enable destructive punch mode
Control click on record button in transport
Or
Click record button on each track you want to punch in on
Begin playback
Punch in/out using the tracks record button
Stop playback

136
Q

What is the purpose of using mirrored outputs? How is this different from routing a track’s output to multiple destinations?

A

To send mix to more than one destination

137
Q

What modifier key can you use while selecting a second output destination from the Output pop-up menu to mirror an output? How are mirrored outputs indicated in the Hardware Setup dialog box?

A

Control
Plus-signm is displayed in assignment pop up

138
Q

What are two ways to output MP3 files from a session? What are some export options that affect the sound quality of the resulting file?

A

File bound to disk
Or
Select files you want to export
Choose
Export clips as files from clips list menu

audio engineering II (4 decks)

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