Protocols, Ports, Purpose and Type

Question 1

FTP

Answer 1

File Transfer Protocol
+ Used to move files.
+ Port 20 for data and 21 maintains connection.
+ TCP

Question 2

SSH

Answer 2

Secure Shell
+ Used for remote connections to server/network devices.
+ Can be used to secure other protocols like FTP.
+ Port 22
+ TCP

Question 3

Telnet

Answer 3

Telnet
\+ Used to make remote connections to servers/network devices. 
\+ Unsecure. Sends data in plain text.
\+ Port 23.
\+ TCP.

Question 4

SMTP

Answer 4

Secure Mail Transfer Protocol
+ Port 25.
+ Protocol for moving emails.
+ TCP.

Question 5

DNS

Answer 5

Domain Name Server
+ Port 53.
+ TCP and UDP.
+ Used to resolve hostname to IP address.

Question 6

HTTP

Answer 6

HyperText Transfer Protocol
+ Port 80.
+ TCP
+ Used to surf the web.

Question 7

POP3

Answer 7

Post Office Protocol 3
+ Port 110
+ TCP
+ Used to retrieve emails from email server to a single device:

Question 8

IMAP

Answer 8

Internet Message Access Protocol
+ Port 143
+ TCP.
+ Used to access/manage the email files on a server.

Question 9

HTTPS

Answer 9

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
+ Port 443.
+ TCP.
+ HTTP but using a secure protocol like SSL or TLS to encrypt the connection.

Question 10

RDP

Answer 10

Remote Desktop Protocol
+ Port 3389.
+ TCP.
+ Used to remotely access servers/desktops.

Question 11

NetBios/NetBT

Answer 11

Net Basic Input Output Service
+ Port 137 UDP. Port 139 TCP.
+ Used in windows for file/printer sharing.

Question 12

SMB/CIFS

Answer 12

Server Message Blocks / Common Internet File System.
+ Port 445.
+ TCP.
+ Used for sharing access to files, printers, serial ports and other resources on a network.
+ CIFS was an extension to SMB to support other OS before SMB did that by default.

Question 13

SLP

Answer 13

Server Location Protocol
+ Port 427.
+ UDP.
+ Allows computers/devices to find services in a LAN.
+ Each device must have a URL to locate the device.

Question 14

AFP

Answer 14

Apple Filling Protocol
+ Port 548.
+ TCP.
+ Offers file services for macOS.

Question 15

DHCP

Answer 15

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
+ Port 67 on server end. 68 on client end.
+ UDP.
+ Provides IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways.

Question 16

LDAP

Answer 16

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
+ Port 389.
+ TCP.
+ Lightweight client-server protocol for accessing directory services.
+ Often used to provide central location for authorisation data.

Question 17

SNMP

Answer 17

Simple Network Management Protocol
\+ Port 161 and 162.
\+ 161 collects info, 162 acts on it.
\+ TCP.
\+ Used for collecting and organising info about devices on IP networks and for modifying the info to change device behaviour.