Protocols and Procedures Flashcards
What is the equation to calculate IV rate?
gtts per minute = (Volume to be infused X set rate) / time in minutes
What are the steps in IV maintenance?
- Ensure the appropriate solution is running.
- Calculate and maintain the appropriate flow rate.
- Monitor flow rate and amount of solution.
- Reassess patient condition and IV on a regular basis. (5-15min)
What should be inspected when reassessing IV`s?
- Reassess ABC’s and injury sites
- Reassess vital signs
- Inspect IV site, tubing and solution bag
- Observe for complications, and take appropriate measures as necessary
- Maintain appropriate flow rate
- Change solution bag as required.
What 4 IV solutions are EMR’s allowed to maintain?
- Normal Saline
- RIngers Lactate
- 2/3-1/3
- D5W
What are contradictions to performing CPR?
- Verifiable DNR or No CPR orders
What would indicate signs of life?
- Coughing
- Breathing
- Patient movement
How far away should the AED pad be placed from any implanted pacemaker or cardioverter/defribillator ?
2.5cm (1 inch)
How often should the Pt be analyzed with the AED during CPR?
Every 2 minutes
When should you cease providing CPR?
- When the Pt is transferred over to more advanced care providers
- When there are signs of life
- When there are 3 consecutive No Shock Advised messages (when there are 3 NSA messages, contact a physician for further orders.)
In a situation of 3 consecutive No Shock Advised messages, and a physician is unavailable, what should be done?
Load and transport, continuing CPR, and stopping to analyze every 4-5 minutes.
What should be done if a shock is advised during transport?
Stay and continue CPR/AED until a No Shock is received, and then continue transport.
Should AED be performed on a patient under one year of age?
No, CPR only.
When would CPR be performed on a child/infant with a pulse?
If the pulse is below 60, with inadequate perfusion.
What signs would indicate inadequate perfusion?
May include any or all of the following:
- Pale skin color or severe mottling
- Cyanosis
- Decreased or failing LOC
- Extremely unwell or toxic appearance.
- History suggestive of respiratory illness or sepsis.
What are the 1 and 2 rescuer ratios for CPR with an infant or child?
1 person: 30:2
2 person: 15:2
In the case of an un-witnessed cardiac arrest in a child, when should be AED be placed?
After 2 minutes of CPR.
When should pulse be checked while performing CPR?
Only if there is a sign of life.
With and infant/child, CPR/AED should be continued until:
- When the Pt is transferred over to more advanced care providers
- When there are signs of life
- When there are 2 consecutive No Shock Advised messages (when there are 3 NSA messages, contact a physician for further orders.)
- In infant only, the Pt has not responded to 2-4 minutes of effective CPR.
How often should partners change when performing 2 person CPR?
Every 2 minutes
What is the optimal CPR rate?
100 BPM
How deep should adult chest compressions be?
3.75-5CM (1.5-2IN)
What piece of equipment is necessary to maintain airway on an infant when performing CPR?
A pad under shoulders
What are causes of asphyxial arrest?
OD, Hanging, Airway obstruction, Smoke inhalation, Drowning
What are some reasons why early communication with a doctor could help someone in cardiac arrest?
- Hypothermia
- Cardiac Tamponade
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Tension Pneumothorax
- Severe blood loss
- OD
- Airway obstruction
