Protocols and Ports

Question 1

FTP

Answer 1

File Transfer Protocol (Port 20,21)
■ Transfers computer files between a client and server on a computer network
■ Unsecure method

Question 2

SSH

Answer 2

Secure Shell (Port 22)
■ Cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network
■ Best known for remote login to computer systems by users

Question 3

SFTP

Answer 3

SSH File Transfer Protocol (Port 22)
■ Provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream

Question 4

Telnet

Answer 4

Telnet (Port 23)
■ Provides bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection
■ Like SSH, but insecure

Question 5

SMTP

Answer 5

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (Port 25)
■ Internet standard for sending electronic mail

Question 6

DNS

Answer 6

Domain Name Service (Port 53)
■ Hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network
■ Converts domain names to IP addresses

Question 7

DHCP

Answer 7

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Ports 67, 68)
■ DHCP server dynamically assigns an IP address and other network configuration parameters to a client
■ Enables computers to request IP addresses and networking parameters automatically
■ Reduces burden on network administrators

Question 8

TFTP

Answer 8

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (Port 69)
■ Transmits files in both directions of a client-server application
■ Used for booting an operating system from a local area network file server
■ Doesn’t provide user authentication or directory visibility
■ Essentially a stripped-down version of FTP

Question 9

HTTP

Answer 9

HyperText Transfer Protocol (Port 80)
■ Foundation of data communication for WWW
■ Designed for distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia presentation across many devices

Question 10

POP3

Answer 10

Post Office Protocol v3 POP3 (Port 110)
■ Used by local email clients to retrieve email from a remote server over TCP/IP connection

Question 11

NTP

Answer 11

Network Time Protocol (Port 123)
■ Provides clock synchronization between computer systems over packet switched, variable-latency data networks

Question 12

NetBIOS

Answer 12

NetBIOS (Port 139)
■ Network Basic Input/Output System
■ Provides services allowing applications on separate computers to communicate over a local area network for file and printer sharing

Question 13

IMAP

Answer 13

Internet Message Access Protocol (Port 143)
■ Provides e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail messages from a mail server over a TCP/IP connection
■ Allows the end user to view and manipulate the messages as if they’re stored locally

Question 14

SNMP

Answer 14

Simple Network Management Protocol (Port 161)
■ Provides collection and organization of information about managed devices on IP networks
■ Can modify that information to change device behavior, commonly used in network devices

Question 15

LDAP

Answer 15

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (Port 389)
■ Open, vendor-neutral, industry standard for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services
■ LDAP and Active Directory use this port

Question 16

HTTPS

Answer 16

HTTP Secure (Port 443)
■ Foundation of ecommerce on WWW
■ Designed for adding security to the insecure HTTP protocol

Question 17

SMB

Answer 17

Server Message Block (Port 445)
■ Provides shared access to files, printers, and miscellaneous communications between devices on a network

Question 18

Syslog

Answer 18

System Logging Protocol (Port 514)
■ Used to send logging data back to a centralized server

Question 19

SMTP TLS

Answer 19

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Transport Layer Security (Port 587)
■ Secure and encrypted way to send emails

Question 20

LDAPS

Answer 20

LDAP Secure (Port 636)
■ Open, vendor-neutral, industry standard for accessing and maintaining
distributed directory information services
■ Provides secure directory services

Question 21

IMAP over SSL

Answer 21

Internet Message Access Protocol over SSL (Port 993)
■ Secure and encrypted way to receive emails

Question 22

SQL

Answer 22

Structured Query Language Server Protocol (Port 1433)
■ Used for communication from a client to the database engine

Question 23

POP3 over SSL

Answer 23

Post Office Protocol Version 3 over SSL (Port 995)
■ Secure and encrypted way to receive emails

Question 24

SQLnet

Answer 24

SQLnet Protocol (Port 1521)
■ Used for communication from a client to an Oracle database

Question 25

MySQL

Answer 25

MySQL (Port 3306)
■ Used for communication from a client to the MySQL database engine

Question 26

RDP

Answer 26

Remote Desktop Protocol (Port 3389)
■ Proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft
■ Provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection
■ User employs RDP client software for this purpose and the other computer must run RDP server software

Question 27

SIP

Answer 27

Session Initiation Protocol (Port 5060, 5061)
■ Provides signaling and controlling multimedia communication sessions in applications
■ Used for Internet telephony for voice and video calls, VOIP, and instant messaging