Protists

Question 1

What are the characteristics of protists

Answer 1

-unicellular (some multicellular or colonial)
-Eukaryotic (nucleus and membrane bound organelles)
-auto or heterotrophic
-most are aquatic
-diverse shapes, sizes and colours

Question 2

Protists are what domain and kingdom?

Answer 2

Domain: Eykarya
Kingdom: Protista

Question 3

What are animal like protists called

Answer 3

Protozoans

Question 4

Characteristics of protozoans

Answer 4

-unicellular
-heterotrophs
-classified by how they move

Question 5

What are the phyla of protozoans

Answer 5

-Zoomastigina: Flagellates
-Sacrodina: Amoebas
-Ciliophora: Ciliates
-Sporozoa : Sporozoans

Question 6

Characteristics of Flagellates

Answer 6

-move using flagella
-some cause disease
Ex:
-Trypanasoma Brucei > African sleeping sickness
-Giardia > Beaver fever

Question 7

Characteristics of Amoebas

Answer 7

-move with Pseudopods (cytoplasmic extensions)
-feed using endocytosis
-some cause disease
Ex:
-ameoba histolytia > dysentery

Question 8

Characteristics of Ciliates

Answer 8

-move using hairs called Cilia
-trichocysts are used for defence
- sweep food into an oral groove then into the gullet where the food vacuole forms
- have a micronucleus (exchanged during conjugation)
-have a macronucleus (daily functions)

Question 9

Characteristics of Sporozoans

Answer 9

-non motile (don’t move)
-live inside a host
-parasitic and cause disease
Ex:
Plasmodium > malaria (spread through mosquitos)

Question 10

What are most plant like protists?

Answer 10

Algae

Question 11

Characteristics of algae

Answer 11

-uni and multicellular or colonial
-autotrophic (have chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments)
-no roots, stems or leaves

Question 12

Difference between a plant and algae

Answer 12

Roots of plants hold them in the ground and transport water/nutrients but algae cells absorbs water from their surroundings

Question 13

What are the phylums of unicellular plant like protists

Answer 13

-Euglenophyta
-Pyrrophyta
-Bacillariophyta

Question 14

What are the characteristics of Euglenophyta?

Answer 14

-aquatic
-unicellular
-have flagellum
-auto and hetero trophic (certain chloroplasts are photosynthetic but become heterotrophic in low light conditions)

Ex: Euglena

Question 15

What are the characteristics of Pyrrophyta?

Answer 15

-spin with 2 flagella
-creates toxins that kill
-red tides

Ex: Dinoflagellates

Question 16

What are the characteristics of Bacillariophyta?

Answer 16

-most abundant marine algae
-form elaborate silicon shells to protect themselves
-shell is porous which allows materials in/out of the cell

Question 17

What are the phylum’s of multicellular and colonial plant like protists?

Answer 17

-Chlorophyta: Green Algae
-Rhodophyta: Red Algae
-Phaeophyta: Brown Algae

Question 18

What are the characteristics of Chlorophyta?

Answer 18

-contain chrolophyll
-most are found in fresh water
-colonial (cells are connected by cytoplasm and may coordinate movement)
-reproduction is mainly asexual (a colony forms within a colony)

Ex: Volvox

Question 19

What are the characteristics of Rhodophyta?

Answer 19

-found in salt water
-pigments have a reddish colour
-seaweeds

Question 20

What are the characteristics of Phaeophyta?

Answer 20

-the most plant like algae
-kelps
-can grow to huge sizes
-most primitive plant like organism to show alteration of generations

Ex: brown algae

Question 21

What are the characteristics of Fungus like protists?

Answer 21

-form delicate netlike structures on the surface of their food
-get energy from decomposing organic materials
-don’t have chitin in their cell walls

Question 22

What are the characteristics of slime molds?

Answer 22

-live in cool moist, shady places where they grow on damp organic matter

Question 23

What are the characteristics of plasmodium slime molds

Answer 23

-form plasmodium (mass of cytoplasm that contains many diploid nuclei but no cell walls or membranes during its feeding stage)
-creeps by amoebic movement
-may reach more than a meter in diameter
-form reproductive structures when surroundings dry up
-spores are dispersed by the wind and grow into plasmodium