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BS > Proteosyntéza > Flashcards

Proteosyntéza Flashcards

1
Q

Co je to proteosynteza

A

Vyroba bilkovin

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2
Q

Z ceho jsou tvoreny bilkoviny

A

Z aminokyselin AK

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3
Q

Kam se prevede informace z DNA

A

Do konkretni formy= do PROTEINU (bilkoviny)

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4
Q

Co je v DNA zapsano

A

Poradi AK pro danou bilkovinu

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5
Q

Co je hlavni uloha (jake druhy)

A

RNA- ribonukleonova kyselina
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA

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6
Q

Jake jsou funkce proteinu v tele

A 
Keratin - (vlasy, chlupy)
Bunecni prenasec - (hemoglobin)
Pohybove proteiny - (aktin a myosin)
Ridici a regulacni - (enzymy a hormony)
Ochranne molekuly imunit. sys.-
(imunoglobuliny)
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7
Q

Jake jsou dve faze proteosyntezy

A 
Transkripce= prepis
translace= preklad
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8
Q

transkripce

Kam se prepisuje informace nukleotidů DNA

A

Do noveho media, tim je mRNA

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9
Q

transkripce

Kde se otevře DNA a jake enzymy se toho ucastni

A

V miste nejakeho GENU, Helikaza a RNA polymeraza

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10
Q

transkripce

Co syntetizuje molekulu mediatorove RNA

A

RNA polymeraza

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11
Q

transkripce

Co nese molekula mediatorove RNA

A

informaci o urcite bilkovine pro druhou fazi (translaci)

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12
Q

transkripce

Co nese kazda trojice nukleotidu

A

Informaci o 1 budouci aminokyseline = KODONY

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13
Q

Kde probiha translace

A

V cytoplazme

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14
Q

translace

  • Co musi rozpoznat ribozom
  • Co prinasi ribozomum tRNA
A
  • Pocatecni (iniciacni) kodon- triplet, tam zahaji proteosyntezu->cte vlakno po tripletech. ->
  • jednotlive aminokyseliny
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15
Q

translace

Co koduje kazdy triplet

A

Jednu aminokyselinu s 1 vyjimkou koncovych (terminacnich) kodonu
UAA, UAG, UGA

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16
Q

translace

Co vznika z 23 aminokyselin

A

Proteinovy retezec peptidickou vazbou = vznikne protein

17
Q

translace

Kde se dale upravuji proteiny

A

V endoplazmatickem retikulu a castecne v Golgiho aparatu

18
Q

translace

Na jakem principu funguje

A

Kodon- antikodon

19
Q

Co je to preklad informace z mRNA do konkretni bilkoviny

A

Translace

20
Q

Jaka je dulezita organela v translaci

A

Ribozom

21
Q

translace

Co dela protein po upraveni v endop. r.

A

Odpoji se od ribozomu

22
Q

Cim je nahrazen tymin

A

Uracilem

BS (2 decks)

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