Proteins & DNA Flashcards
Structure of DNA
Double stranded helix
4 DNA Bases and their
pairs
Guanine +Cytosine Thymine + Adenine
what is the repeating unit making DNA called?
Nucleotide bases
Name of the chemical bond keeping bases together
Hydrogen bonds
Function of mRNA
To take a complimentary copy of the DNA to a ribosome
2 differences between DNA & RNA
DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded, RNA is smaller so that it can leave through the nucleus pores
Why is the DNA bases order important ?
They code for a specific order of amino acids
Steps of protein synthesis
The DNA makes a complimenting copy of its self, then the mRNA leaves the nucleus through its pores and enters a ribosome where the DNA from the mRNA decides the order of the amino acids which make the proteins
What is an enzyme?
enzymes are substances which speed up chemical reactions
What as an example of biological catalysts
Enzymes
What part of enzymes do substrates attach to
The active site
what is it called when enzyme catalyses breakdown substrates
enzyme-substrate complex
Can enzymes be
reused?
Yes they can
what is the name given to the process in which an enzymes active site changes shape from a temperature inarease
denatured
________ act as chemical messengers carrying information from one part of the body to another. They are produced by endocrine ____________ and circulate in the bloodstream
hormones & glands
