Proteins and lipids quiz Flashcards
Elements in a protein
Hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
8 different types of proteins
Enzymes, Structural, Contractile, defensive, signal, transport, storage and receptor
enzymes
facilitate biochemical reactions- catalyst. ex: lactase
structural
Support for various body parts. ex: collagen and keratin
Contractile
responsible for muscle contraction: actin, myosin
defensive
antibodies in the immune system
signal
carry chemical message: insulin
transport
proteins that move molecules throughout the body: hemoglobin
storage
store amino acids for body to use: ovalbumin
receptor
receives chemical signal from outside cells
Monomers of proteins
amino group, carboxyl group, central carbon, hydrogen atom and side chain
what bond holds amino acids in a polpeptide
peptide bonds
What determines a proteins shape
the order of aminos
what purpose do lipids serve in living organism
energy storage, cushioning organs, make up cell membrane and some are hormones
What are the 3 types of lipids
triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids
what makes a lipid unsaturated?
double bond between carbons
how to draw phospholipid
circle then a rectangle then one straight line and one bent
Lipids are arranged in two layers why?
a polar and non polar layer. polar ends face outside because they are hydrophilic
What do triglycerides and phospholipids have in common
made up of fatty acids and are hydrophobic
difference between triglycerides and and phospholipids
1 has 2 fatty acid chains and one has three
Structure of steroids
3- 6 sided ring and 1 half ring
EXAMPLES of steroids
tiestorone and cholestoral
