Proteins

Question 1

what are globular proteins?

Answer 1

they are spherical proteins and are one of the most common protein types.

Question 2

what is one type of globular protein?

Answer 2

inulin

Question 3

what are functions of inulin?

Answer 3

regulates metabolism, causes fats to be stored and inhibits the production of glucose by the liver

Question 4

what are conjugated proteins?

Answer 4

globular proteins that contain a prosthetic group

Question 5

what are two types of conjugated protein?

Answer 5

haemoglobin and catalase

Question 6

what are fibrous proteins?

Answer 6

long filament protein molecules

Question 7

what are three types of fibrous proteins?

Answer 7

keratin, elastin and collagen

Question 8

what are simple proteins?

Answer 8

proteins without a prosthetic group

Question 9

what is lipoprotein?

Answer 9

when lipids combine with proteins

Question 10

what are glycoproteins?

Answer 10

when carbohydrates combine with proteins

Question 11

what 2 things make up the prosthetic group called cofactors?

Answer 11

metal ions and vitamins

Question 12

what do haem groups contain?

Answer 12

iron ions

Question 13

which two types of protein are soluble in water?

Answer 13

globular and conjugated

Question 14

which protein type is insoluble in water

Answer 14

fibrous

Question 15

what are the three main groups in the structure of an amino acid?

Answer 15

amino group, carboxylic group and ‘r’ group

Question 16

which group defines the amino acid?

Answer 16

the r-group

Question 17

which reaction bonds the amino acids together and what is this bond called?

Answer 17

a condensation reaction joins them together to form peptide bonds.

Question 18

what is the process called as the amino acids join together?

Answer 18

polymerisation

Question 19

what is the long chain of amino acids called?

Answer 19

a polypeptide chain

Question 20

what are the two types of secondary models?

Answer 20

alpha helix and beta pleated sheet

Question 21

what charges does the -C=H group and -NH group have?

Answer 21

-C=O group has a negative charge and -NH group has a positive charge

Question 22

what three bonds are found in a tertiary structure?

Answer 22

disulphide bonds, hydrogen bonds (very numerous) and ionic bonds (formed between any carboxyl and amino groups which are not involved in forming peptide bonds)

Question 23

put the three bonds found in a tertiary structure in order of strength (strongest first)

Answer 23

1) disulphide bonds 2) ionic bonds 3) hydrogen bonds