Proteins

Question 1

Define: polymer

Answer 1

A chain of molecules formed by repeating units of monomers

Question 2

Define: monomer

Answer 2

Molecules which can be bonded to form longer chains of polymers (ie. Amino acids)

Question 3

What elements do all proteins need to contain?

Answer 3

Always C, H, O, N

Sometimes S and P

Question 4

What groups/elements just an amino acid molecule contain?

Answer 4

An amino group (N and H)
A carbonyl group (COOH or COO-)
A hydrogen (H)
An R group (varies between each amino acid)

Question 5

In polypeptides and proteins, amino acids are joined together through a ___________ ______________ reaction, which forms a _________ ______.

Answer 5

Condensation polymerisation

Peptide bond

Question 6

What happens in a condensation polymerisation reaction?

Answer 6

One oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom are released from the carbonyl group of one amino acid, and a hydrogen atom from the other amino acid is released
A peptide bond is formed between the two amino acids and a molecule of water is formed

Question 7

Define: polypeptide

Answer 7

A single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together

Question 8

Define: protein

Answer 8

Large biological molecules consisting of one or more chains of amino acids

Question 9

Define: amino acid

Answer 9

a monomer unit of protein