Proteins

Question 1

Helicases

Answer 1

Enzymes that untwist double helix (🟢 green protein on lagging side)

Question 2

Single-strand binding proteins

Answer 2

Proteins that bind to and stabilize single-stranded DNA (◻️ grey round singular)

Question 3

DNA pol III

Answer 3

Primase that synthesizes leading DNA strand (continues elongation in 5’ to 3’ direction)
First red 🔴 protein on leading side

Question 4

Topoisomerase

Answer 4

Breaks apart DNA strand before it separates and keeps it open (big 🔵 blob)

Question 5

Primase

Answer 5

Makes RNA primer for new DNA strand along lagging side (pink 💗 protein making

Question 6

DNA pol I

Answer 6

Takes out RNA primer and replaces it with DNA nucleotides (yellow 🌕 protein)

Question 7

DNA ligase

Answer 7

The glue! Joins Okazaki fragments together on lagging side

Joins strands of DNA together

Question 8

Nuclease

Answer 8

Proteins that take out broken/damaged DNA (light green 🍈)

Question 9

Okazaki fragments

Answer 9

Series of segments that make up lagging strand (joined by DNA ligase)

Question 10

Sliding clamp

Answer 10

Helps to close up and finish new strand
(Second red enzyme behind DNA pol III)