Proteins

Question 1

Define proteins and how many functional groups does it contain

Answer 1

Molecules composed of 2 functional group
1 amine
2. Carboxyl

Question 2

Are proteins acids or bases

Answer 2

They are acid and bases both at the same time

Question 3

Define Zwitterions

Answer 3

Neutral charged amine acids ions
; at certain isoelectric point positive charges no. Is equal to negative charges no.

Question 4

What’s the positive and negative charge in the amino acid

Answer 4

Positive is the protonated amine group .
Negative is the deprotonated carboxyl group .

Question 5

Total no. Of amino acids in humans is

Answer 5

20

Question 6

Essential amino acid no

Answer 6

10

Question 7

Mention the 10 essential amino acids

Answer 7

Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Leucine
Isoleucine
Tryptophan
Threonine
Arginine
Histidine
Valine .

Question 8

Which amino acids that are not strictly essential but depends on age and health status

Answer 8

Arginine
Histidine

Question 9

Mention the amino acids under th 3 As subclasses

Answer 9

Acidic GA ; glutamate , aspartate
Aromatic. TpT , tryptophan. Phenylalanine, tyrosine
Alphatic : vagiL valine , alanine , isoleucine , leucine , glycine

Question 10

Mention amino acid under the basic subclass of the amino acids

Answer 10

AHL el basic
Arginine
Histidine
Lysin

Question 11

Mention the amino acids under the Sulphydryl subclass

Answer 11

CM
Cysteine
Methionine

Question 12

Imino group

Answer 12

Proline

Question 13

Hydroxyl group

Answer 13

ST
Therionine
Serine

Question 14

Which amino acid is the precursor for dopamine and noreadrenaline

Answer 14

Tyrosine > L-dopa .

Question 15

Which precursor for serotonins

Answer 15

Tryptophan

Question 16

Which one is precursor for nitric oxide

Answer 16

Arginine

Question 17

Which amino acid is precursor for porphyrins

Answer 17

Glycine

What is the definition of porphyrin?
: any of various compounds with a macrocyclic structure that consists essentially of four pyrrole rings joined by four =CH− groups. especially : one (such as chlorophyll or hemoglobin) containing a central metal atom and usually exhibiting biological activity.

The most common examples are the hemes (found in hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes, catalases, and peroxidases), chlorophylls, and bacteriochlorophylls. Iron is the chelating metal found in hemes,1 and magnesium is found in the numerous chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls.

Question 18

When does detoxification occur

Answer 18

It occurs BEFORE urea cycle .

Question 19

What’s the equation for detoxification

Answer 19

Amino acids > glutamic acid > carbamyl phosphate .

Question 20

Where does urea cycle occurs

Answer 20

In the liver
Part1 at the liver mitochondria .
Part 2 at the liver cystosol.

Question 21

What car results from amino acid degradation

Answer 21

Urea , Uric acid , ammonia .

Question 22

Urea cycle in the liver mitochondria starts with CO

Answer 22

Carbamyl phosphate + ornithine
Co

Question 23

Urea cycle in the mitochondria ends with 2As

Answer 23

Arginosuccinate + aspartate

Question 24

Mid compound of the urea cycle in the mitochondria is

Answer 24

Citruline
ست رول

Question 25

Urea cycle in the cytoplasm

Answer 25

Arginosuccinate > arginine > urea + ornithine

Question 26

What’s the end product of urea cycle in the liver cytoplasm

Answer 26

Urea + ornithine UO

Question 27

What are proteins made of

Answer 27

Proteins are made of polymerized amino acids

Question 28

Which structure binds the polymer chain of the amino acid in the protein

Answer 28

Peptide bonds .

Question 29

Protein structures has 4 distinct aspects

Answer 29

Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

Question 30

Proteins are divided into 3 groups mention

Answer 30

Globular proteins Fibrous protein Membrane proteins

Question 31

Which group of protein will make enzymes and mostly itd]s soluble

Answer 31

Globular proteins

Question 32

Which group of proteins that will form receptors

Answer 32

Membrane proteins

Question 33

Which group of proteins often structural

Answer 33

Fibrous

Question 34

Which structure of protein have peptide bonds

Answer 34

Primary

Question 35

Which structure have disulphide bonds

Answer 35

Tertiary

Question 36

Which protein structure is held by hydrogen bond

Answer 36

Secondary .

Question 37

With structure Is the amino acid sequence

Answer 37

Primary

Question 38

3d form of the primary structure is

Answer 38

2ndry

Question 39

Overall shape of a single molecule protein is

Answer 39

Tertiary

Question 40

Which one controls the basic function of the protein

Answer 40

Tertiary structure

Question 41

Which one forms the arrangement of multiple folds of proteins

Answer 41

Quaternary

Question 42

Define primary structure protein

Answer 42

Amino acid sequence held by peptide bonds

Question 43

Define secondary structure protein

Answer 43

3D form of the primary structure protein Held by hydrogen bonds

Question 44

Define tertiary structure protein

Answer 44

Gives the basic function of the protein held by disulphide bonds And it’s the overall shape of a SINGLE protein molecule.

Question 45

Define the quaternary structure protein>

Answer 45

Is the arrangement of multiple folded protein molecules .