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Biomolecules > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Most abundant biomolecule in cytoplasm

A

Proteins

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2
Q

Primary structure:
1st amino acid
Last amino acid
What can we identify

A

N terminal - to the left
C terminal - to the right
Only protein structure where sequence of amino acids can be identified

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3
Q

Secondary structure:

Alpha helix - examples/ bond

A

Collagen, alpha keratin / intramolecular hydrogen bonds between 1st and 4th amino acid

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4
Q

Secondary structure

Beta pleated sheet - example/bond

A

Beta keratin - parallel/ in reptiles and birds
Fibroin - antiparallel/ in web of spider and silk fibre
Intermolecular H bonds

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5
Q

Tertiary structure examples

A

Most enzymes, myoglobin, cytochrome

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6
Q

Quarternary structure examples

A

Haemoglobin, DNA polymerase, ion channels (trans membrane proteins)

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7
Q

Fibrous proteins

A

Secondary structure proteins develop structural components or fibres or cytofilaments, and hence, are called fibrous proteins

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8
Q

Globular/Functional Proteins

A

Tertiary and quarternary proteins exhibit specified functions like ion transport, catalysis, storage

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9
Q

Simple proteins

A 
Polymer of amino acids only
Albumin
Pepsin
Trypsin
Histone
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10
Q

Conjugated protein

A

Complex of protein and non protein subunits
Haemoglobin ( 4 haem and 4 protein chains)
Myoglobin ( 1 haem and 1 protein chain)
Casein ( phosphate and protein chain)
Chylomicron ( phospholipid and protein chain)

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11
Q

Transporter proteins

A 
Assists in material exchange and transportation
GLUT 4 (insulin-dependent glucose transporter)
SGLT ( Sodium glucose co transporter)
haemoglobin and trans membrane channel proteins
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12
Q

storage proteins

A

Stores nutrients or other essential substances
Myoblobin stores O2
Ferritin stores Fe2+ in liver

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13
Q

Therapeutic proteins

A

Help in healing or homeostasis
Renin and albumin (osmoregulation)
Prothrombin and fibrinogen (clotting protein)
Antibodies (antigen inactivation)

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14
Q

Catalytic proteins

A

Catalyse biochemical reactions

Enzymes

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15
Q

Acidic proteins

A

Acidic amino acids are abundant and impart negative charge
Most plasma proteins
Cytoplasmic proteins

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16
Q

Basic proteins

A

Basic amino acids are abundant and impart positive charge

Nuclear proteins - histone and protamines

Biomolecules (5 decks)

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