PROTEINS Flashcards
proteins are composed of linked…..
amino acids
-OH. .O= (The OH dot dot O indicates what sort of bond?
Hydrogen bond
What is an Amylase?
An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion.
increase the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs.:
Enzymes
Substrates
Proteins
Enzymes
An individual Enzyme…
can bind any number of substrates
will generally bind a single substrate
Enzymes are usually specific to a single substrate (but a few may bind to a limited number of related molecules)
Proteins are …… of amino acids
polymers
Each amino acid contains a central …… , a ….. , a ……. group, a/n …… group, and a variable …. group.
Each amino acid contains a central carbon, a hydrogen, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group.
hemoglobin is a ……. protein
hemoglobin is a globular protein
collagen, found in our skin, is a ….. protein.
collagen, found in our skin, is a fibrous protein.
Proteins have different ….. and ….. …… ; some proteins are globular in …… whereas others are ….. in nature
shapes
molecular weights
shape
fibrous
Proteins have different shapes and molecular weights; some proteins are globular in shape whereas others are fibrous in nature
…… is critical to its function.
Protein shape is critical to its function.
Changes in temperature, pH, and exposure to chemicals may lead to …….. changes in the ….. of the protein, leading to a …. of function or …….
loss
shape
denaturation
permanent
Changes in temperature, pH, and exposure to chemicals may lead to permanent changes in the shape of the protein, leading to a loss of function or denaturation
All proteins are made up of different ….. of the same 20 kinds of …… ……
arrangements, amino acids
True or False?
Proteins are one of the most abundant inorganic molecules in all living systems
ORGANIC, (false)
Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems
True or false?
Proteins have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules.
True
Proteins have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules.
Proteins are all …… of amino acids, arranged in a …… sequence.
polymers, linear
Proteins may be: 1, 2, 3, 4, they may serve in 1, 2, 3, or they may be .... or enzymes.
Proteins may be: structural regulatory contractile protective; They may serve in transport storage membranes; They may be toxins or enzymes
Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of different ………, each with a unique …… Their ……., like their functions, vary greatly.
Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of different proteins, each with a unique function. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly.
Amino acids are the ……. that make up proteins.
monomers
The chemical nature of the R group determines the chemical nature of the amino acid within its protein. What are these chemical natures? 1, 2, 3, 4,
(that is, whether it is acidic, basic, polar, or nonpolar).
Each amino acid is attached to another amino acid by a ……, known as a …….. ,which is formed by a ……. reaction.
covalent bond, peptide bond, dehydration
The …… group of one amino acid and the …. group of a second amino acid combine, releasing a …. molecule. The resulting bond is the ….. bond.
carboxyl , amino, water, peptide
