PROTEINS

Question 1

proteins are composed of linked…..

Answer 1

amino acids

Question 2

-OH. .O= (The OH dot dot O indicates what sort of bond?

Answer 2

Hydrogen bond

Question 3

What is an Amylase?

Answer 3

An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion.

Question 4

increase the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs.:
Enzymes
Substrates
Proteins

Answer 4

Enzymes

Question 5

An individual Enzyme…
can bind any number of substrates
will generally bind a single substrate

Answer 5

Enzymes are usually specific to a single substrate (but a few may bind to a limited number of related molecules)

Question 6

Proteins are …… of amino acids

Answer 6

polymers

Question 7

Each amino acid contains a central …… , a ….. , a ……. group, a/n …… group, and a variable …. group.

Answer 7

Each amino acid contains a central carbon, a hydrogen, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group.

Question 8

hemoglobin is a ……. protein

Answer 8

hemoglobin is a globular protein

Question 9

collagen, found in our skin, is a ….. protein.

Answer 9

collagen, found in our skin, is a fibrous protein.

Question 10

Proteins have different ….. and ….. …… ; some proteins are globular in …… whereas others are ….. in nature

shapes
molecular weights
shape
fibrous

Answer 10

Proteins have different shapes and molecular weights; some proteins are globular in shape whereas others are fibrous in nature

Question 11

…… is critical to its function.

Answer 11

Protein shape is critical to its function.

Question 12

Changes in temperature, pH, and exposure to chemicals may lead to …….. changes in the ….. of the protein, leading to a …. of function or …….

loss
shape
denaturation
permanent

Answer 12

Changes in temperature, pH, and exposure to chemicals may lead to permanent changes in the shape of the protein, leading to a loss of function or denaturation

Question 13

All proteins are made up of different ….. of the same 20 kinds of …… ……

Answer 13

arrangements, amino acids

Question 14

True or False?

Proteins are one of the most abundant inorganic molecules in all living systems

Answer 14

ORGANIC, (false)

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems

Question 15

True or false?

Proteins have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules.

Answer 15

True

Proteins have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules.

Question 16

Proteins are all …… of amino acids, arranged in a …… sequence.

Answer 16

polymers, linear

Question 17

Proteins may be:
1,
2,
3,
4,
they may serve in
1,
2,
3,
or they may be .... or enzymes.

Answer 17

Proteins may be:
structural
regulatory
contractile
protective; 
They may serve in
transport 
storage
membranes; 
They may be toxins or enzymes

Question 18

Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of different ………, each with a unique …… Their ……., like their functions, vary greatly.

Answer 18

Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of different proteins, each with a unique function. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly.

Question 19

Amino acids are the ……. that make up proteins.

Answer 19

monomers

Question 20

The chemical nature of the R group determines the chemical nature of the amino acid within its protein. What are these chemical natures?
1,
2,
3,
4,

Answer 20

(that is, whether it is acidic, basic, polar, or nonpolar).

Question 21

Each amino acid is attached to another amino acid by a ……, known as a …….. ,which is formed by a ……. reaction.

Answer 21

covalent bond, peptide bond, dehydration

Question 22

The …… group of one amino acid and the …. group of a second amino acid combine, releasing a …. molecule. The resulting bond is the ….. bond.

Answer 22

carboxyl , amino, water, peptide