Protein Synthesis - Transcription

Question 1

what is transcription

Answer 1

info encoded in DNA copied into complementary RNA

Question 2

Promotor

Answer 2

sequence that lies just before a gene

serves as a signaling sequence, marking the starting point and direction for RNA polymerase to begin transcribing a gene

Question 3

Promotor in Eukaryotes

Answer 3

TATA box –> hydrogen bonds are easier to break

Question 4

Promotor in Prokaryotes

Answer 4

TATAAT sequence

Question 5

What is enlongation

Answer 5

RNA polymerase makes a complimentary copy in the 5’–> 3’, using the 3’ to 5’ as template

Question 6

Examples of termination

Answer 6

Termination code
in Prokaryotes - bind to mRNA + stop it
mRNA binds with itself

RNA poly binds to another promotor

Question 7

Post-transcriptional modifications

Answer 7

Poly A Tail

5’ Cap of 7 guanine

cut introns using snRNPs + mRNA (complex if spliceosome

Question 8

What is alternative splicing

Answer 8

cells can choose different combinations of exons from the same pre-mRNA to make a final mRNA –> why humans can produce 100 000 proteins from 20 000 genes