Protein Synthesis and Mutation - study guide

Question 1

what is the correct order of protein synthesis?

Answer 1

DNA, mRNA, tRNA, polypeptide

Question 2

Transfer RNA acts like an ‘interpreter” because it:

Answer 2

converts amino acids

Question 3

1.

Answer 3

mRNA

Question 4

2.

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 5

3.

Answer 5

protein (polypeptide)

Question 6

4.

Answer 6

Anticodon

Question 7

5.

Answer 7

Codon

Question 8

What is the portion of the protein molecule coded for by the following piece of mRNA; CUCAAGUGCUUC

Answer 8

Leu, Lys, Cys, Phe

Question 9

A strand of mRNA containing the repeating sequence; AAGAAGAAGAAG could be code for which amino acid?

Answer 9

Lys

Question 10

Using the information from the chart, the strip of messenger RNA shown in the illustration(GCUUUGGU) would result in an amino acid sequence

Answer 10

Ala phe gly

Question 11

the process by which outside factors or replication errors cause gene or chromosomes to change is called

Answer 11

mutation

Question 12

Which of these would be the most likely cause a mutation?
A. The placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
B. the insertion of a nucleotide into a DNA sequence
C. The movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
D. The release of mRNA from DNA

Answer 12

B. The insertion of a nucleotide into a DNA sequence

Question 13

The mutation that occurs in gametes are worse than a body cell because

Answer 13

It can pass to off-spring

Question 14

an expressed gene is one that

Answer 14

Copies or copied in mRNA

Question 15

Specialization of cells in multicellular organisms is normally due to

Answer 15

Amino acids

Question 16

Although there are a limited number of amino acids, many different types of proteins exist because the

Answer 16

sequence and number of amino acids is different

Question 17

what are the nucleotides of DNA made of?

Answer 17

Phosphate, sugar, and base

Question 18

what is the relationship between the three structures in the diagram above?

Answer 18

protein

Question 19

In the diagram, the letter X represents a group of atoms known as

Answer 19

phosphate

Question 20

DNA consists of four types of nucleotides each having a different type of

Answer 20

base

Question 21

DNA and RNA molecules are similar because they both contain

Answer 21

nucleotides

Question 22

an example of a section of an RNA strand’s nucleotides would be

Answer 22

ACGUAU

Question 23

During transcription what happens?

Answer 23

a new mRNA molecule is made

Question 24

24.

Answer 24

mRNA