Protein Synthesis and Mutation - study guide Flashcards
what is the correct order of protein synthesis?
DNA, mRNA, tRNA, polypeptide
Transfer RNA acts like an ‘interpreter” because it:
converts amino acids
1.
mRNA
2.
Amino acids
3.
protein (polypeptide)
4.
Anticodon
5.
Codon
What is the portion of the protein molecule coded for by the following piece of mRNA; CUCAAGUGCUUC
Leu, Lys, Cys, Phe
A strand of mRNA containing the repeating sequence; AAGAAGAAGAAG could be code for which amino acid?
Lys
Using the information from the chart, the strip of messenger RNA shown in the illustration(GCUUUGGU) would result in an amino acid sequence
Ala phe gly
the process by which outside factors or replication errors cause gene or chromosomes to change is called
mutation
Which of these would be the most likely cause a mutation?
A. The placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
B. the insertion of a nucleotide into a DNA sequence
C. The movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
D. The release of mRNA from DNA
B. The insertion of a nucleotide into a DNA sequence
The mutation that occurs in gametes are worse than a body cell because
It can pass to off-spring
an expressed gene is one that
Copies or copied in mRNA
Specialization of cells in multicellular organisms is normally due to
Amino acids
Although there are a limited number of amino acids, many different types of proteins exist because the
sequence and number of amino acids is different
what are the nucleotides of DNA made of?
Phosphate, sugar, and base
what is the relationship between the three structures in the diagram above?
protein
In the diagram, the letter X represents a group of atoms known as
phosphate
DNA consists of four types of nucleotides each having a different type of
base
DNA and RNA molecules are similar because they both contain
nucleotides
an example of a section of an RNA strand’s nucleotides would be
ACGUAU
During transcription what happens?
a new mRNA molecule is made
24.
mRNA
