Protein Synthesis Flashcards
1
Q
RNA Polymerase
A
An enzyme that is required for transcription
2
Q
mRNA
A
Carries the genetic code for a protein from the nucleus to the ribosomes where the proteins are assembled
3
Q
tRNA
A
A type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis
4
Q
Amino acids
A
Building blocks of protein
5
Q
Codon
A
Three base sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
6
Q
Anti codon
A
A group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complimentary to an mRNA codon
7
Q
Ribosome
A
Organelle where amino acids are added together to form proteins
8
Q
Transcription
A
- RNA polymerase binds to a non-coding region of DNA
- RNA polymerase moves along unzipping DNA, exposing bases
- Base pairing between DNA and RNA ensure that the mRNA is complimentary to the gene
- mRNA forms leaving through the nucleus pores joining with ribosomes
9
Q
Translation
A
- mRNA attaches to ribosomes
- each codon is read
- tRNA that is attached to the corresponding will attach to the codon
- Then the ribosomes move along mRNA reading codons
- When the second tRNA molecule arrives the amino acids join
- Ribosomes finish translating mRNA, amino acid chain breaks off to fold up and forms a protein
10
Q
In transcription why does the RNA polymerase bind to a non-coding region of DNA?
A
To make sure the complete coding region is transcribed
