protein Synthesis Flashcards
method of DNA replication in which parental strands separate, act as templates, and produce molecules of DNA with one parental DNA strand and one new DNA strand.
semiconservative replication
enzyme that catalyzes synthesis of new DNA molecules
DNA polymerase
nonnumerical acid; guides protein sythasis
RNA
type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm
messenger RNA
type of RNA that associates with proteins to form ribosomes
ribosomal RNA
type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes
transfer RNA
enzyme that regulates RNA synthesis
RNA polymerase
process in which mRNA in synthesized from the template DNA
transcription
in RNA prepossessing, the intervening coding sequence missing from final mRNA
introns
in RNA processing, the coding sequence that remains in the final mRNA
exons
three-base code in DNA and RNA
codon
process in which the mRNA attaches to the chromosomes and protein is assembled
translation
ability of an organism to control which genes are transcribed in response to the environment
gene regulation
section of DNA containing genes for proteins required for a specific metabolic pathway
operon
Permanent change in the cells DNA, ranging from changes in single base pair of larges sections of chromosomes
mutation
