Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Transcription
Process of copying a nucleotide sequence of DNA
Codon
sequence of three nucleotides that codes for one amino acid
Nucleotide
Monomer that forms DNA
Translation
Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
Double Helix
Two strands that wind around one another (Structure of DNA)
mRNA
Carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
Amino Acid
Molecule that makes up proteins composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
tRNA
Form of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
Cytosine
Matches with Guanine
Uracil
Matches with Adenine
Protein
Polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; folds into a particular structure depending on bonds between amino acids
Anticondon
Sequence of three nucleotide’s in a tRNA molecule that binds to a complementary mRNA codon during translation
DNA Polymerase
Enzyme that makes binds between nucleotide’ss
Nucleus
Double membrane that acts as the storehouse for most cell’s DNA
Guanine
Matches with Cytosine
RNA Polymerase
Enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand
RNA Polymerase
Enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand
Pyrimidine
Nitrogenous base, has one circular ring structure, C, T, match with purine
Complementary side
Either of the two sides that make u a double helix of DNA
rRNA
RNA that is in the ribosome and guides the translation of mRNA into a protein
Replication
Process by which DNA is copied
Ribosome
Organelle that links amino acids together to form proteins
Adenine
Matches Thymine and Uracil
RNA
Molecule that allows for transmission of genetic information and protein synthesis
