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BIOCHEMISTRY > Protein structure and function > Flashcards

Protein structure and function Flashcards

1
Q

What do proteins function as?

A

catalyst
Transporters
motion- myosin filament
antibodies

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2
Q

What does an amino acid have?

A

COOH
NH2
R Group

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3
Q

What do proteins exist as ?

A

optical isomers

- have a chiral carbon

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4
Q

What do amino acids exist as ?

A

Zwitterions

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5
Q

What has a positive charge on amino acid

A

NH3+ when protonated

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6
Q

What has a negative charge on amino acid

A

C00-

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7
Q

How many amino acids are there ?

A

20

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8
Q

What are aliphatic side chains?

A

straight chain carbon= hydrophobic

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9
Q

What is Methionine?

A

AUG

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10
Q

What is Methionine side chain?

A

has thioester, S group and 3 carbons

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11
Q

What are aromatic side chain?

A

ring structure

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12
Q

What does OH group mean?

A

Hydrophillic

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13
Q

What is primary structure of proteins?

A

polypeptide chain- rich in H bonding

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14
Q

How is peptide bond formed?

A

condensation reaction

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15
Q

How do linear polypeptide cross link?

A

disulphide bonds- oxidation of Cys residues

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16
Q

What are peptide bonds

A

3D Rigid/planar - have double bond

17
Q

What does rotation around bond?

A

Torsion angle

18
Q

What is angle rotation around Nitrogen to C?

A

Phi

19
Q

What is angle rotation around Carbon to C?

A

Psi

20
Q

What is secondary structure of PROTEINS?

A

Folding into alpha and beta sheets

21
Q

How do hydrogen bonds form In the alpha helix?

A

Nh AND CO group that is 4 residues ahead

22
Q

What is the helix in keratin and collagen have?

A

Colied-coil proteins

23
Q

What are beta sheets?

A

2 or more polypeptide chains

24
Q

What Bond stabilises beta sheets

A

Hydrogen bonds

25
Q

What can beta sheets either be ?

A

Parallel

antiparallel

26
Q

What are antiparallel sheets?

A

adjacent NH and CO

27
Q

What are Parallel sheets?

A

1 amino acid with 2 amino acids on adjacent strand

28
Q

What do beta sheets do?

A

Hair pin on themselves

29
Q

What is a tertiary protein structure?

A

3D Structure

30
Q

What do globular protein with tertiary structure have?

A

Hydrophillic amino acids on outer surface

31
Q

what determines folding of protein in aqueous enviro like the body ?

A

Hydrophobic residues inside the centre of protein

32
Q

What is Quaternary structure of proteins?

A

Each polypeptide is a subunit

33
Q

What is Heamoglobin?

A

4 subunits, 2 alpha subunits and 2 beta

34
Q

What are Self assembling peptides?

A

monomers in what but self assemble into 3D scaffolds at body pH

35
Q

What is 3D structure of proteins determined by?

A

amino acid structure

BIOCHEMISTRY (6 decks)

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