Protein Structure And Function

Question 1

Amino acid structure

Answer 1

R
|
NH2 — C — COOH
|
H

Question 2

R group

Answer 2

Gives Amino acids, acidic and alkaline properties

Question 3

Formation of polymers

Answer 3

When amino acids join together and form a polypeptide chain. Or protein.
Amino acid (Monomers) join together at ribosomes via condensation reaction, results in peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids.

Question 4

Protein structures

Answer 4

Primary structure
Secondary structure
Tertiary structure
Quaternary structure

Question 5

Primary structure

Answer 5

The Sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Question 6

Secondary structure

Answer 6

The 3-dimensional form of local segments of a polypeptide chain (a-helix or beta-pleated sheet). Result of reaction between near by amino acids. (Polarity and charge)

Question 7

Tertiary structure

Answer 7

Overall three-dimensional shape of a protein. The est in which it is folded.

Question 8

Quaternary structure

Answer 8

When protein is made of two or more polypeptide chains, each with its own primary, secondary and tertiary structure. Held together by hydrogen bonds.

Question 9

Proteome

Answer 9

The entire complement of proteins in a cell or organism.

Question 10

Nucleotide

Answer 10

Consist of:
Penrose (5-carbon) sugar
Nitrogen base
Phosphate group

Question 11

Pyrimidines

Answer 11

Cytosine, Uracil, thymine

Question 12

Purines

Answer 12

Adenine, guanine

Question 13

RNA polymerisation

Answer 13

Built by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. RNA runs along strand in 3’ - 5’ direction, adding new nucleotides to THE 3’ END