Protein Flashcards
What is the RDA for Protein?
0.8 g/kg per day
What are the functions of protein?
Regulates and maintains body functions and provides essential form of nitrogen (in form of amino acids)
What are nonessential amino acids?
Amino acids that can be synthesized by a heathy body in sufficient amounts
What are nonessential amino acids also called?
Dispensable amino acids
What is a essential amino acid?
The body cannot make these amino acids in sufficient enough amounts or at all. They begin to limit the amount of protein the body can synthesize.
What are limiting amino acids?
The essential amino acid in smallest supply in a food or diet in relation to the body’s needs.
The body will only be able to make proteins if it has enough amino acids- thus the amino acid in smallest supply LIMITS the ability to make protein
Importance of Variety and Balance
What is a conditionally essential amino acid?
An amino acid made from essential amino acids if insufficient amounts are eaten
How many essential amino acids are there?
9
How many nonessential amino acids are there?
11
What is step 1 in protein synthesis?
DNA contains the information necessary to produce proteins
The DNA (in nucleus) contains what which encodes instruction for building proteins?
Genes!
What is step 2 of protein synthesis?
Transcription or copying of segment of DNA results in mRNA, a copy of info of DNA needed to make a protein.
What is step 3 of protein synthesis?
mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome
What is step 4 of protein synthesis?
Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, are carried to the ribosome by tRNAs containing the code that matches that on the mRNA
What is step 5 (final step) of protein synthesis?
In the process of translation, the information contained in mRNA is used to determine the number, types, and arrangement of amino acids in the protein
