Protein Flashcards
What are proteins needed for ?
- Growth
- Repair
- Maintenance
What are proteins made up of ?
Amino acids
What are the two types of proteins ?
- HBV - High Biological Value proteins. These contain all of the essential amino acids
- LBV - Low Biological Value proteins. These are missing one or more essential amino acid(s)
Where are HBV proteins found ?
In animal sources
Where are LBV proteins found ?
In plant sources
What are some examples of HBV proteins ?
Meat, fish, poultry and dairy products
What are some examples of LVB proteins ?
Peas, lentils, nuts, seeds and most beans
What is protein complementation ?
Combining different LBV proteins to get all of the essential amino acids in our diet
What is an example of protein complementation ?
Beans on toast or hummus and pitta
What are the two types of amino acids ?
- Essential amino acids - we have to eat these because our bodies can make these
- Non-Essential amino acids - made by our bodies but not as important
How much protein should an average male consume each day ?
55g of protein each day
How much protein should an average female consume each day ?
45g of protein
How much more grams of protein should a pregnant woman consume each day ?
6g of extra protein each day (45+6=51g)
What factors affect a persons protein consumption ?
- Size
- Body mass
- Amount of physical activity
What happens when the body has an excess of protein ?
- Sent to energy stores
- Puts pressure and strain on liver and kidneys
What happens when the body has a deficiency of protein ?
- Growth is slowed down (especially in children which could lead to underdevelopment )
- Lower immune system
- Struggling with digestion
Why might someone need to eat alternative proteins ?
If they are vegan/vegetarian they don’t eat meat so they need to get their protein from different sources
What are some examples of alternative proteins ?
- Tofu
- Soya
- Mycoprotein
- TVP (Textured Vegetable Protein)
Is protein a macronutrient or a micronutrient
Macronutrient
According to the Eatwell guide what percentage of your daily food intake should be protein ?
Roughly 12%
