Protein Flashcards
what is the energy content of protein
17.7kJ/g
How much daily energy intake should be from protein according to the AMDR - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range
15-25%
State the elements that are found in proteins.
Made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen (sometimes sulfur)
Describe the structure of a protein.
A chain of amino acids
Describe the difference between essential and non-essential amino acids.
Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and are therefore important to consume for the body. Non essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body and therefore can be gained in other ways than consuming it.
Describe the difference between incomplete and complete proteins.
Complete proteins contain all the essential amino acids by themselves. Incomplete proteins do not contain all amino acids and need to be paired with complimentary proteins to make up all essential amino acids.
Complete- meat dairy, eggs, tofu, quinoa, soy beans
Incomplete- plant based foods, nuts, grains, seeds, beans
State the other names for incomplete and complete proteins.
Essential and non essential amino acids. Complete proteins is high biological value, incomplete proteins are low biological value.
Explain why it is more difficult to ensure adequate protein intake in a vegan diet.
Because plant based food is mostly incomplete protein source. To make the protein high biological value, the protein has to be paired with other complimentary proteins to make a complete protein.
Most complete proteins come from animal products so a vegan has to co nsume incomplete proteins.
Explain what is meant by ‘complementary proteins.
Two or more incomplete proteins that when paired together provide all essential amino acids.
Give two examples of foods that, when consumed together, provide complementary proteins.
Whole meal pita bread and hummus
Tofu and vegetables in a stir fry
Explain what suggestions you would make to a person who was considering changing to a vegan diet.
Eat complimentary proteins that pair together to make complete proteins
Explain why pregnant and breastfeeding women need more protein.
To provide enough protein for them and their baby
Explain why body builders and those doing intense exercise have higher protein requirements.
Because they are looking at adding mass to their body in the form of muscles, and a diet full of protein stimulates muscle growth.
Growth and repair of muscles, increases levels of hemoglobin.
Explain why adolescents have higher protein requirements.
Protein helps with growth, and to keep muscles healthy, and makes young people grow tall.
High level of growth and repair, and hormones are essential.
