PROTEIN Flashcards
What elements are protein made up of
carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen
what is the chemical structure of proteins
proteins are large molecules composed of amino acids
basic structure of amino acids
NH2 to the left carbon in the middle H to the top R down below and cooh to the right
what is essential amino acids
cannot be manufactored by the therefore need to be obtained by food
example is lysine and leucine
what is non essential amino acid
can be manufactored by the body therefore dont need to be obtained by food
examples glycine proline
how is a peptide bond formed
a peptide bond is formed when two amino acids join together. the cooh loses a oh and the nh2 loses a h the oh and h join togther and make up a H20 molecule which is water that is then loss. this is called a codensation reaction
what is the strcuture of proteins
primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure
what is primary structure
involves the order or sequence of amino acids in protein chains
what is secondary structure
secondary structure involves the folding of primary structure of proteins into defiinite shapes.
what are the two types of crosslinks
disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonds
what is a disulfide bond
occurs when 2 sulfur of two amino acids join together to form either a single polypeptide chain or two different polypeptide chains
what is a disulfide bond
occurs when 2 sulfur of two amino acids join together to form either a single polypeptide chain or two different polypeptide chains
what is a disulfide bond
occurs when a hydrogen from the nh group of one amino acid and an oxygen from the c=o group of another amin acid join together to form either a single polypeptide chain or two different polypeptide chains
what is a tertiary structure
involes the folding of the secondary structure of proteins into three dimensional shapes.
what is denaturation
change in nature of a protein shape. unfolding of a
protein chain. resuting in an irreversible change in shape.
can be caused by heat enzymes, mechanical action. whipping and beating