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Physical Security > Protective Lighting > Flashcards

Protective Lighting Flashcards

1
Q

Protective lighting is important in what 3 ways?

A

1) Deters violators
2) Assists security force
3) Essential element of an integrated physical security program

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2
Q

Protective lighting is _____________ to maintain

A

Inexpensive

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3
Q

Protective lighting will probably reduce the need for what?

A

security forces

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4
Q

Protective lighting may provide personal protection for security forces how?

A

By reducing the element of surprise by an intruder

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5
Q

Protective lighting requires ______ intensity than working light.

A

Less

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6
Q

When planning protective lighting, you must consider:
1)
2)
3)

A

1) Effects of local weather
2) Fluctuating voltages in power source
3) Using a ledger to maintain burning time record based on life-expectancy of the lamp

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7
Q

All limited and exclusion areas musat have protective lighting on a permanent basis where?

A

Both the perimeter and access control points

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8
Q

Lighting must be positioned to do what to the security force?

A

1) Prevent glare to security force

2) Avoid silhouetting the security force

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9
Q

The perimeter band of lighting must provide a minimum intensity of what measured 6 inches above the ground?

A

0.2 foot candles

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10
Q

How far must the perimeter band of lighting extend?

A

At least 30 feet outside the exclusion area barrier

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11
Q

Lighting inside exclusion areas or on structures containing nuclear weapons must be of sufficient intensity to enable what?

A

Detection of persons in the area or at structure entrances

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12
Q

Lighting at entrance control points must be of sufficient intensity to enable guards to what?

A

compare and identify bearers and badges

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13
Q

Protective lighting systems must be operated when?

A

During hours of darkness

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14
Q

Failure of one or more lights should not affect:

A

the operation of remaining lights

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15
Q

________________ should be adequate to sustain the protective lighting of all vital areas and structures.

A

The stand-by power source

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16
Q

The cone of illumination from light source should be directed where?

A

Downward & away from the protected area / security personnel

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17
Q

Where should the light source for perimeter fence lighting be located?

A

Within the protected area and above the fence

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18
Q

An effective light system must provide means of what?

A

Convenient control and maintenance

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19
Q

Protective lighting should never be used alone, but what?

A

With other security measures

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20
Q

Protective lighting should enable security force to do what?

A

Observe without being seen

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21
Q

Good protective lighting should consist of ______________ light upon bordering areas

A

adequate and even

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22
Q

Good protective lighting should consist of ____________ in eyes of intruder

A

glaring lights

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23
Q

Good protective lighting should consist of _________ light on security patrol routes

A

little

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24
Q

What are the 2 basic systems used to provide effective protective lighting?

A

1) Light boundaries and approaches

2) Light area and structures within general boundaries of property

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25
To be effective, protective lighting should: 1) Act as _____ 2) Make __________ likely
Act as deterrent | Make detection likely
26
What are the 4 general types of protective lighting systems?
1) Continuous 2) Standby 3) Movable 4) Emergency
27
What is the most common protective lighting system?
Continuous
28
What lighting systems consist of stationary luminaries?
Continuous & Standby
29
What are the 2 primary methods of employing continuous lighting?
1) Glare projection | 2) Controlled lighting
30
What lighting system has luminaries that are not continuously lighted?
Standby
31
What lighting system consists of manually operated movable searchlights which may be either lighted either during darkness or only as needed?
Movable
32
What lighting system is usually used to supplement continuous or standby lighting?
Movable
33
What lighting system may duplicate the other three systems in whole or in part?
Emergency
34
What lighting system is limited to times of power failure or other crisis?
Emergency
35
What lighting system depends on alternative power sources such as portable generators or batteries
Emergency
36
How should piers and docks be safeguarded?
By illuminating both water approaches and the pier area
37
Decks on open piers should be illuminated to at least _____ foot candles
1.0
38
Water approaches, extending to a distance of _____ feet from the pier, should be illuminated to at least _____ foot candles
100 feet | 0.5 foot candles
39
The circuit of lighting arrangements should be arranged so that failure of any one lamp will not:
leave a critical or vulnerable position in darkness
40
Where should feeder lines be located?
Undeground (or sufficiently inside the perimeter in the case of overhead wiring)
41
Why should feeder lines be underground?
to minimize sabotage or vandalism from outside the perimeter
42
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for the perimeter of outer area?
0.15
43
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for perimeter of restricted area?
0.4
44
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for vehicular entrances?
1.0
45
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for pedestrian entrances?
2.0
46
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for sensitive inner areas?
0.15
47
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for sensitive inner structures?
1.0
48
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for entrances?
0.1
49
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for open yards?
0.2
50
What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for decks on open piers?
1.0
51
What is one candle power?
The amount of light emitted by one standard candle
52
What is one lumen?
The amount of light required to light an area of one square foot to one candle power
53
What is one foot candle?
One lumen of light per square foot of space
54
How is the intensity of illumination measured?
In foot candles
55
What is an example of incandescent lighting?
the common light bulb
56
What are 2 advantages of incandescent lighting?
1) Instant | 2) Light can be reflected or diffused
57
What are the 2 major types of gaseous discharge lamps?
1) Mercury vapor | 2) Sodium vapor
58
What color do mercury vapor lights give off?
Soft blue
59
What color do sodium vapor lights give off?
Soft yellow
60
How long do gaseous discharge lamps take to light when cold?
2-5 minutes
61
How long do gaseous discharge lamps take to light when hot?
5+ minutes
62
Gaseous discharge lamps are ____ effective than incandescent
more
63
What kind of lamps are widely used where fog is a problem?
Gaseous discharge lamps
64
What kind of lamps are frequently found on bridges and highways?
Gaseous discharge lamps
65
The four basic types of lights with security applications are:
1) Floodlights 2) Searchlights 3) Fresnels 4) Street lights
66
This type of light is directional, with some diffusion to light specific areas
Floodlights
67
This type of light project light in a concentrated beam
Searchlights
68
This type of light is appropriate for use in instances calling for illumination of boundaries
searchlights
69
This type of light uses wide beam unites used to extend the illumination in long, horizontal strips
Fresnels
70
Fresnels project a narrow beam approximately ______ degrees in the horizontal and _______ in the vertical plane
180 degrees horizontal | 15-30 degrees vertical
71
This type of light is an appropriate application to light parameters since light light is lost vertically
Fresnels
72
This type of light produces a diffused light widely used in parking areas
Street lights

Physical Security (10 decks)

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