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Physical Security > Protective Lighting > Flashcards

Protective Lighting Flashcards

1
Q

Protective lighting is important in what 3 ways?

A

1) Deters violators
2) Assists security force
3) Essential element of an integrated physical security program

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2
Q

Protective lighting is _____________ to maintain

A

Inexpensive

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3
Q

Protective lighting will probably reduce the need for what?

A

security forces

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4
Q

Protective lighting may provide personal protection for security forces how?

A

By reducing the element of surprise by an intruder

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5
Q

Protective lighting requires ______ intensity than working light.

A

Less

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6
Q

When planning protective lighting, you must consider:
1)
2)
3)

A

1) Effects of local weather
2) Fluctuating voltages in power source
3) Using a ledger to maintain burning time record based on life-expectancy of the lamp

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7
Q

All limited and exclusion areas musat have protective lighting on a permanent basis where?

A

Both the perimeter and access control points

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8
Q

Lighting must be positioned to do what to the security force?

A

1) Prevent glare to security force

2) Avoid silhouetting the security force

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9
Q

The perimeter band of lighting must provide a minimum intensity of what measured 6 inches above the ground?

A

0.2 foot candles

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10
Q

How far must the perimeter band of lighting extend?

A

At least 30 feet outside the exclusion area barrier

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11
Q

Lighting inside exclusion areas or on structures containing nuclear weapons must be of sufficient intensity to enable what?

A

Detection of persons in the area or at structure entrances

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12
Q

Lighting at entrance control points must be of sufficient intensity to enable guards to what?

A

compare and identify bearers and badges

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13
Q

Protective lighting systems must be operated when?

A

During hours of darkness

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14
Q

Failure of one or more lights should not affect:

A

the operation of remaining lights

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15
Q

________________ should be adequate to sustain the protective lighting of all vital areas and structures.

A

The stand-by power source

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16
Q

The cone of illumination from light source should be directed where?

A

Downward & away from the protected area / security personnel

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17
Q

Where should the light source for perimeter fence lighting be located?

A

Within the protected area and above the fence

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18
Q

An effective light system must provide means of what?

A

Convenient control and maintenance

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19
Q

Protective lighting should never be used alone, but what?

A

With other security measures

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20
Q

Protective lighting should enable security force to do what?

A

Observe without being seen

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21
Q

Good protective lighting should consist of ______________ light upon bordering areas

A

adequate and even

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22
Q

Good protective lighting should consist of ____________ in eyes of intruder

A

glaring lights

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23
Q

Good protective lighting should consist of _________ light on security patrol routes

A

little

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24
Q

What are the 2 basic systems used to provide effective protective lighting?

A

1) Light boundaries and approaches

2) Light area and structures within general boundaries of property

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25
Q

To be effective, protective lighting should:

1) Act as _____
2) Make __________ likely

A

Act as deterrent

Make detection likely

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26
Q

What are the 4 general types of protective lighting systems?

A

1) Continuous
2) Standby
3) Movable
4) Emergency

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27
Q

What is the most common protective lighting system?

A

Continuous

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28
Q

What lighting systems consist of stationary luminaries?

A

Continuous & Standby

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29
Q

What are the 2 primary methods of employing continuous lighting?

A

1) Glare projection

2) Controlled lighting

30
Q

What lighting system has luminaries that are not continuously lighted?

A

Standby

31
Q

What lighting system consists of manually operated movable searchlights which may be either lighted either during darkness or only as needed?

A

Movable

32
Q

What lighting system is usually used to supplement continuous or standby lighting?

A

Movable

33
Q

What lighting system may duplicate the other three systems in whole or in part?

A

Emergency

34
Q

What lighting system is limited to times of power failure or other crisis?

A

Emergency

35
Q

What lighting system depends on alternative power sources such as portable generators or batteries

A

Emergency

36
Q

How should piers and docks be safeguarded?

A

By illuminating both water approaches and the pier area

37
Q

Decks on open piers should be illuminated to at least _____ foot candles

A

1.0

38
Q

Water approaches, extending to a distance of _____ feet from the pier, should be illuminated to at least _____ foot candles

A

100 feet

0.5 foot candles

39
Q

The circuit of lighting arrangements should be arranged so that failure of any one lamp will not:

A

leave a critical or vulnerable position in darkness

40
Q

Where should feeder lines be located?

A

Undeground (or sufficiently inside the perimeter in the case of overhead wiring)

41
Q

Why should feeder lines be underground?

A

to minimize sabotage or vandalism from outside the perimeter

42
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for the perimeter of outer area?

A

0.15

43
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for perimeter of restricted area?

A

0.4

44
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for vehicular entrances?

A

1.0

45
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for pedestrian entrances?

A

2.0

46
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for sensitive inner areas?

A

0.15

47
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for sensitive inner structures?

A

1.0

48
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for entrances?

A

0.1

49
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for open yards?

A

0.2

50
Q

What foot candles on horizontal plane at ground level are recommended for decks on open piers?

A

1.0

51
Q

What is one candle power?

A

The amount of light emitted by one standard candle

52
Q

What is one lumen?

A

The amount of light required to light an area of one square foot to one candle power

53
Q

What is one foot candle?

A

One lumen of light per square foot of space

54
Q

How is the intensity of illumination measured?

A

In foot candles

55
Q

What is an example of incandescent lighting?

A

the common light bulb

56
Q

What are 2 advantages of incandescent lighting?

A

1) Instant

2) Light can be reflected or diffused

57
Q

What are the 2 major types of gaseous discharge lamps?

A

1) Mercury vapor

2) Sodium vapor

58
Q

What color do mercury vapor lights give off?

A

Soft blue

59
Q

What color do sodium vapor lights give off?

A

Soft yellow

60
Q

How long do gaseous discharge lamps take to light when cold?

A

2-5 minutes

61
Q

How long do gaseous discharge lamps take to light when hot?

A

5+ minutes

62
Q

Gaseous discharge lamps are ____ effective than incandescent

A

more

63
Q

What kind of lamps are widely used where fog is a problem?

A

Gaseous discharge lamps

64
Q

What kind of lamps are frequently found on bridges and highways?

A

Gaseous discharge lamps

65
Q

The four basic types of lights with security applications are:

A

1) Floodlights
2) Searchlights
3) Fresnels
4) Street lights

66
Q

This type of light is directional, with some diffusion to light specific areas

A

Floodlights

67
Q

This type of light project light in a concentrated beam

A

Searchlights

68
Q

This type of light is appropriate for use in instances calling for illumination of boundaries

A

searchlights

69
Q

This type of light uses wide beam unites used to extend the illumination in long, horizontal strips

A

Fresnels

70
Q

Fresnels project a narrow beam approximately ______ degrees in the horizontal and _______ in the vertical plane

A

180 degrees horizontal

15-30 degrees vertical

71
Q

This type of light is an appropriate application to light parameters since light light is lost vertically

A

Fresnels

72
Q

This type of light produces a diffused light widely used in parking areas

A

Street lights

Physical Security (10 decks)

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