Protected Characteristics Flashcards
What are the protected characteristics
Age Disability Gender Gender reassignment Marriage/Civil Partnership Pregnancy and Maternity Race and Ethnicity Religion and Belief Sexual Orientation
What is the GCD Standards Principle 1
Put patients’ interest first
What are other reasons that patients should not be discriminated against for
Nationality Special needs Health Lifestyle Any other discriminations Basically - don’t discriminate at all
What is the most common reason for children to have GA
Dental extraction
What is the average number of filled teeth between 45-54yr olds
97% have had a filled tooth, with average 9.1 filled teeth
What is the correlation between periodontal disease and age
Higher level or periodontal disease as age increases
What percentage of 75+ have some natural teeth
71%
What type of caries are elderly people more likely to have
Root caries - 20% of 75-84yr old
Less likely to have coronal caries
Why do more elderly people have root caries
Due to periodontal disease
Why can elderly people have complex treatments
Previous restorative work that needs maintained/replaced
Medical conditions - often more than one and on multiple medications
Frailty - access issues
Cognitive decline - memory problems and reduced understanding
Dependence on others for daily oral care
What characteristics must be met to have targeted interventions for a specific group
If they are currently missing out on services
Can show they have a different level of need
There is a track record of disadvantage
Low participation of this group
What justifies targeting childsmile to children
High caries rate
High dental GA rate
Early years so political priority
Good oral health part of overall child wellbeing
Establishing good oral health early on will influence later life
What justifies targeting caring for smiles to older people
Dental attendance declines with age
Older people less likely to have good oral health
Need for help with oral hygiene
Medical consequences of poor oral health
Oral health consequences for general health
How can disabilities present
Physical, cognitive, sensory, most often combination
Hidden disabilities
Varying severity
What effects on oral health are people with disabilities more susceptible to
Poorer oral hygiene
Poorer gingival health
Fewer filled teeth, more missing teeth
How may having a disability affect someone’s dental care
Cannot physically access the dentist
Cooperation
Understanding
Dental anxiety
Communication - can the person read/is the writing big enough/can the hear or understand the information
Involuntary movements/positioning/short concentration span
Capacity to consent
What adjustments can be made for people with disabilities
Physical access - ramp, hoist, domestic visits, referral
Communication - written info in large print or images, hearing loop, BSL interpreters
Enabling treatment - allow more time, time of day, reasonable treatment plan
Find out about individual patients needs
How often are dental practices inspected
Every 3 years
What are dental practices inspected on in terms of disabled access
Whether you can access without stairs
Details of disabled access/facilities in practise information leaflet
Leaflet available in large print
Disability policy ideally based on results of an access survey
Which gender is more likely to be dental attenders
Females
Which gender is more likely to have excellent oral health
Females
Which gender is more likely to report dental pain
Females
Which gender is more likely to have pulpally involved lesions
Males
Which gender are more likely to have some natural teeth
Males - 75% of over 75yr old are dentate compared with 68% of females
What percentage of pregnant women have gingivitis
60-70%
Which race of children are most likely to have decay
Gypsy traveller children
Which race of children are least likely to have decay
African children
What practices may be used by specific races that negatively affect dental health
Cultural practices - chewing tobacco/Paan/Betel increase risk of oral cancer
Which medical conditions are found in specific races that may negatively affect dental health
Increased diabetes in Afro-Caribbeans
Thalassaemia/sickle cell disease - increased risk if GA involved
Thalassaemia in Mediterranean people
Sickle cell in Africans
Why may people of certain races have difficulty accessing dental care
Language barriers
How can language barriers be overcome in dental practices
Written information available in other languages
Translation services - professional or family member
Consider in advance how medical/cultural barriers may affect oral health/dental care
