Protected Characteristics

Question 1

What are the protected characteristics

Answer 1

Age
Disability
Gender
Gender reassignment
Marriage/Civil Partnership
Pregnancy and Maternity
Race and Ethnicity
Religion and Belief
Sexual Orientation

Question 2

What is the GCD Standards Principle 1

Answer 2

Put patients’ interest first

Question 3

What are other reasons that patients should not be discriminated against for

Answer 3

Nationality
Special needs
Health
Lifestyle
Any other discriminations 
Basically - don’t discriminate at all

Question 4

What is the most common reason for children to have GA

Answer 4

Dental extraction

Question 5

What is the average number of filled teeth between 45-54yr olds

Answer 5

97% have had a filled tooth, with average 9.1 filled teeth

Question 6

What is the correlation between periodontal disease and age

Answer 6

Higher level or periodontal disease as age increases

Question 7

What percentage of 75+ have some natural teeth

Answer 7

71%

Question 8

What type of caries are elderly people more likely to have

Answer 8

Root caries - 20% of 75-84yr old

Less likely to have coronal caries

Question 9

Why do more elderly people have root caries

Answer 9

Due to periodontal disease

Question 10

Why can elderly people have complex treatments

Answer 10

Previous restorative work that needs maintained/replaced
Medical conditions - often more than one and on multiple medications
Frailty - access issues
Cognitive decline - memory problems and reduced understanding
Dependence on others for daily oral care

Question 11

What characteristics must be met to have targeted interventions for a specific group

Answer 11

If they are currently missing out on services
Can show they have a different level of need
There is a track record of disadvantage
Low participation of this group

Question 12

What justifies targeting childsmile to children

Answer 12

High caries rate
High dental GA rate
Early years so political priority
Good oral health part of overall child wellbeing
Establishing good oral health early on will influence later life

Question 13

What justifies targeting caring for smiles to older people

Answer 13

Dental attendance declines with age
Older people less likely to have good oral health
Need for help with oral hygiene
Medical consequences of poor oral health
Oral health consequences for general health

Question 14

How can disabilities present

Answer 14

Physical, cognitive, sensory, most often combination
Hidden disabilities
Varying severity

Question 15

What effects on oral health are people with disabilities more susceptible to

Answer 15

Poorer oral hygiene
Poorer gingival health
Fewer filled teeth, more missing teeth

Question 16

How may having a disability affect someone’s dental care

Answer 16

Cannot physically access the dentist
Cooperation
Understanding
Dental anxiety
Communication - can the person read/is the writing big enough/can the hear or understand the information
Involuntary movements/positioning/short concentration span
Capacity to consent

Question 17

What adjustments can be made for people with disabilities

Answer 17

Physical access - ramp, hoist, domestic visits, referral
Communication - written info in large print or images, hearing loop, BSL interpreters
Enabling treatment - allow more time, time of day, reasonable treatment plan
Find out about individual patients needs

Question 18

How often are dental practices inspected

Answer 18

Every 3 years

Question 19

What are dental practices inspected on in terms of disabled access

Answer 19

Whether you can access without stairs
Details of disabled access/facilities in practise information leaflet
Leaflet available in large print
Disability policy ideally based on results of an access survey

Question 20

Which gender is more likely to be dental attenders

Answer 20

Females

Question 21

Which gender is more likely to have excellent oral health

Answer 21

Females

Question 22

Which gender is more likely to report dental pain

Answer 22

Females

Question 23

Which gender is more likely to have pulpally involved lesions

Answer 23

Males

Question 24

Which gender are more likely to have some natural teeth

Answer 24

Males - 75% of over 75yr old are dentate compared with 68% of females

Question 25

What percentage of pregnant women have gingivitis

Answer 25

60-70%

Question 26

Which race of children are most likely to have decay

Answer 26

Gypsy traveller children

Question 27

Which race of children are least likely to have decay

Answer 27

African children

Question 28

What practices may be used by specific races that negatively affect dental health

Answer 28

Cultural practices - chewing tobacco/Paan/Betel increase risk of oral cancer

Question 29

Which medical conditions are found in specific races that may negatively affect dental health

Answer 29

Increased diabetes in Afro-Caribbeans
Thalassaemia/sickle cell disease - increased risk if GA involved
Thalassaemia in Mediterranean people
Sickle cell in Africans

Question 30

Why may people of certain races have difficulty accessing dental care

Answer 30

Language barriers

Question 31

How can language barriers be overcome in dental practices

Answer 31

Written information available in other languages
Translation services - professional or family member
Consider in advance how medical/cultural barriers may affect oral health/dental care