Protcols

Question 1

What is best cardiac view for visualizing Persistent truncus arteriosus

Answer 1

Apical 5ch and long axis of aorta

Question 2

Best sonographic view for diagnosing an AVSD

Answer 2

Apical 4 ch and subcostal 4 ch

Question 3

Which view best demonstrates the atrioventricular junction including the valve leaflets and annulus

Answer 3

Apical 4ch
Short axis view
Subcostal 4 ch view

Question 4

In the apical 4ch heart view how is the interventricular septum orientated in relation to the sound beam

Answer 4

Parallel

Question 5

Standard views of heart for fetal echo

Answer 5

Apical 4 ch
Short axis of GA
Long axis of AO
Long axis view of the PA

Question 6

What is the most posterior chamber and closet to fetal spine

Answer 6

Left atrium

Question 7

Long axis of the aorta looks like what view

Answer 7

Lvot

Question 8

In the long axis of the left heart what structures are visible

Answer 8

Left atrium , mitral valve, papillary muscle , right ventricle and left ventricle

Question 9

In the long axis of the pulmonary artery the normal pulmonary artery courses

Answer 9

Cephalad leftward and posterior to the right ventricle

Question 10

The great arteries cross with the pulmonary artery and the aorta at what angle

Answer 10

135 degree angle

Question 11

The position of the pulmonic valve in relation to the aortic valve is

Answer 11

Anterior and superior

Question 12

When scanning through the fetal heart at what level do you determine the normal great artery position

Answer 12

Where the aorta and pulmonary artery cross
And the at the level of the semi lunar valves

Question 13

In the short axis view of the great vessels all the following can be demonstrated

Answer 13

Foramen ovale
Pulmonic valve
Left atrium
Tricuspid valve

Question 14

Best view to eval aortic cusps

Answer 14

Short axis of great vessels

Question 15

In 3VV which vessel is most anterior

Answer 15

Pulmonary

Question 16

True statements of the ductus arteriosus

Answer 16

The ductus arteriosus has a hockey stick appearance and has a higher peak systolic velocity when compared to the aorta

Question 17

What modality is used to display movements as they occur in tissue on a time axis

Answer 17

M mode

Question 18

M mode displays depth on vertical axis vs time on horizontal axis

Answer 18

M mode is mainly used to demonstrate movement of cardiac structures

Question 19

Which sonographic modality displays a single B mode line of site along a horizontal axis

Answer 19

M mode
M mode stands for motion mode

Question 20

In CC : TC what ratio is diagnostic of cardiomegaly

Answer 20

> 0.5

Question 21

Pulmonic valve measures 0.63cm in 3VV is this normal or abnormal

Answer 21

Normal

The normal range is 5.0-7.0 mm

Question 22

When evaluating for an ASD the examiner must know that the atrial to ventricular ratio in a normal fetus should be

Answer 22

1:2
The atria should be half the size of the ventricles when measure ant to post wall

Question 23

What is considered a normal appearance and normal amount of fluid around the fetal heart

Answer 23

Hypoechoic rim of fluid less than 2 mm

Question 24

The 4ch heart view has been reported to have a sensitivity of what percentage in detecting a CHD

Answer 24

40-57%