Prosthetics & Orthotics

Question 1

What is a single axis foot?

Answer 1

B TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTEES

• articulated foot w/ lower shank
• motion-controlled with rubber bumpers

Question 2

What is a Solid Ankle Cushion Heel (SACH) foot?

Answer 2

STANDARD

• non articulated
• energy absorbing heel
• limits plantarflexion
• small amount of frontal and transverse plane movement
• assist in hyperext of knee (stability)

Question 3

What are the pressure TOLERANT areas for a transtibial amputee?

Answer 3

• Patellar Tendon
• Medial Tibial Plateau
• Tibial and Fibular shafts
• Distal End (rarely, may be sensitive)

Question 4

What positions should you avoid to prevent contractures in transTIBIAL amputees?

Answer 4

• Prolonged hip flex and ER –> schedule regular time in prone lying
• Knee flex –> use extension board under knee when in wheelchair

Question 5

What is a Craig-Scot KAFO?

Answer 5

stand with post lean of trunk

*patients with paraplegia

Question 6

What are the types of post-op dressings?

Answer 6

1. Elastic wraps: soft, flexible, wrap distal to proximal (trouble with edema control
2. Stump Shrinkers: flexible, soft, inexpensive
3. Semirigid dressings: Unna paste - applied in OR
4. Rigid dressing: Good for young patients - applied in OR

Question 7

What is a halo vest for?

Answer 7

cervical spinal cord injuries

Question 8

What is a Solid Ankle Flexible Endoskeleton (SAFE) foot?

Answer 8

MORE ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS

• non articulated, flexible
• more non sagittal plane movements

Question 9

What is a Syme’s amputation?

Answer 9

surgical removal of the foot at the ankle joint with removal of the maleoli

Question 10

In a transtibial amputee, what is a Patella Tendon-Bearing (PTB) socket?

Answer 10

Total contact sock that bears weight on the patella tendon

Question 11

What is a Taylor Brace?

Answer 11

TLSO that limits trunk flex and ext through 3 point desing

Question 12

What is a Flex-Foot?

Answer 12

MORE ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS

- carbon fiber leaf spring shank (not a foot)

Question 13

What is a reciprocating gait orthosis (RGO)?

Answer 13

Derivative of HKAFO incorporating cable system

- allows stepping

Question 14

What is a Les Franc amputation?

Answer 14

Disarticulation at the distal to the tarsals

Question 15

What is a dysarticulation amputation?

Answer 15

surgical removal at the level of the joint

(ex: knee disartic = removal of lower limb at knee joint

Question 16

What is a Chopart’s amputation?

Answer 16

Disarticulation at the midtarsal (prox to tarsals) joint

Question 17

What is a Milwaukee Orthosis?

Answer 17

realignment of scoliosis

Question 18

What positions should you avoid to prevent contractures in transFEMORAL amputees?

Answer 18

• hip flex, add, ER –> schedule regular time in prone lying

Question 19

What are the pressure SENSITIVE areas for a transfemoral amputee?

Answer 19

• Distolateral end of femur
• Pubic Symphysis
• Perineal area

Question 20

What is an Exoskeleton shank?

Answer 20

wood, plastic or laminate color for cosmetic look

Question 21

What are the pressure SENSITIVE areas for a transtibial amputee?

Answer 21

• Ant Tibia
• Ant Tibial Crest
• Fibular Head and Neck
• Fibular Nerve

Question 22

What are the pressure TOLERANT areas for a transfemoral amputee?

Answer 22

• Ischial tub
• Gluteals
• Lateral sides of residual limb
• Distal end (rarely, may be sensitive)

Question 23

What is the most commonly prescribed foot?

Answer 23

Solid ankle cushion heel (SACH)

Question 24

What is an Endoskeleton shank?

Answer 24

central metal shank covered by soft foam and external stocking

Question 25

What is the appropriate dressing for IMMEDIATE post-op?

Why?

Answer 25

Rigid Dressing

• early limited weight bearing
• limited edema, pain
• enhanced wound healing
• ealier fit of permanent prosthesis
• *contraindicated for older patients

Question 26

What is a parapodium?

Answer 26

Standing frame

• pts can sit when necessary
• primarily used in pediatric populations