Prosthetics

Question 1

Amputation

Answer 1

removal of part or all of a body part enclosed by skin

Question 2

Amputee

Answer 2

A person who has undergone an amputation

Question 3

The highest percentage (____) of lower extremity amputations is due to ?

specifically ?

Answer 3

disease (70%)

peripheral vascular disease when associated with smoking and diabetes

Question 4

6 reasons for the use of prosthesis

Answer 4

PVD, diabetes, trauma, infections, tumors, congenital limb deficiencies

Question 5

Absence of a hand or foot

Answer 5

adopia

Question 6

Absence of one or more fingers or toes

Answer 6

Aphalangia

Question 7

Phocomelia

Answer 7

flipper limb due to absence of a limb segment

Question 8

Hemicorporectomy

chance of survival is ___

Answer 8

amputation between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae

low

Question 9

The loss of any parts of ilium, ischium, and pubis

Answer 9

hemipelvectomy

Question 10

Short transfemoral amputation

Medium ^

which one is ideal for having room for prosthetic knee

Answer 10

proximal 1/3 femur
middle 1/3 femur

medium

Question 11

Location of amputation for rotationplasty

Answer 11

distal to lesser trochanter to distal to tibial tuberosity

Question 12

Advantage and disadvantage of knee disarticulation

Answer 12

Preserve growth in distal femoral epiphysis, thigh muscle preserved
Non cosmetic socket

Question 13

Short and Very short transtibial are not done as an _____ ______ and have a small _____ ___

Answer 13

elective procedure, moment arm

Question 13

A PVD short transtibial amputee spends more energy than (3)

Answer 13

-PVD standard transtibial
-Traumatic unilateral standard transfemoral
-Traumatic bilateral standard transtibial

Question 14

In standard transtibial level of amputation what is frequently a result of the nerve being cut too short

Answer 14

symptomatic neuromas

Question 15

Standard Transtibial level of amputation %s

What occurs (3)

Answer 15

20-50% of tibia

• fibula is cut short
• tibia beveled nerve cut off 5 cm above line of amputation
• long posterior flap

Question 16

In standard transtibial level of amputation what is the advantage of a long posterior flap

Answer 16

well vascularized and better weight bearing surface

Question 17

Long posterior flap is used in ______ transtibial amputations

Answer 17

dysvascular

Question 18

In standard transtibial level of amputation muscle stabilization can be achieved through

Answer 18

myodesis (attachment of muscles to periosteum or bone)

Question 19

Bone bridging aka

it between ____ and ____

what does it create and prevent

Answer 19

Osteomyoplastic transtibial amputation

tibia and fibula

larger and more stable end bearing, preventing fibular instability

Question 19

What level of amputation allows distal weight bearing

Answer 19

knee disarticulation

Question 19

Osteomyoplastic transtibial amputation improves (3)

Answer 19

arterial and venous circulation of the residual stump and recreates normal length tension of muscle

Question 20

Ankle disarticulation where the heel pad is kept for weight bearing

there is a development of

Answer 20

Syme’s

neuromas of the posterior tibial nerve

Question 21

Amputation of any part of one or more toes (levels of amputation)

Answer 21

partial toe

Question 22

Biomechanical disadvantage of toe disarticulation where does dis occur

Answer 22

affects push off during walking metatarsal phalangeal joints

Question 23

Resection of the 5th 4th and maybe 3rd metatarsal and digits

Answer 23

metatarsal ray resection

Question 24

Amputation through the midsection of metatarsals high failure rate due to should be performed on pt who

Answer 24

trans metatarsal loss of weight bearing area and excessive load on residual limb with intact post tib pulse and warm foot

Question 25

Removes the forefoot and midfoot, saving talus and calcaneus poor reputation due to

Answer 25

chopart development of an equinus contracture

Question 26

First 4 phases of amputee rehab - 2 steps in each

Answer 26

pre operative (pt education, medical and body condition assessment), amputation surgery / dressing (limb reconstruction, limb length determination), acute post surgery (wound healing, pain control), pre prosthetic (shrinking, increasing muscle strength)

Question 27

Prosthetic fabrication always does

Answer 27

casting

Question 28

Syme's prostheses are bulky to accomodate _____ They only include _____ and ____ assembly

Answer 28

malleoli socket and foot ankle

Question 29

Largest and heaviest casting done for the whole body

Answer 29

hip disarticualtion

Question 30

Transtibial prostheses consist of

Answer 30

prosthetic foot, pylon, socket

Question 31

Advantages of endoskeleton

Answer 31

lightweight, adjustable, allows change of socket, demands less maintenance

Question 32

Exoskeleton has great

Answer 32

durability

Question 33

The best residual limb for prosthesis better than (2)

Answer 33

muscle balanced cyndrical residual limb bulbous distal end, or conical shape

Question 34

There needs to be contact at the end of the residual limb otherwise trick

Answer 34

chance of further injury could turn purple / edema use chalk or lipstick to see tracing at bottom of socket

Question 35

Very high and bad pressure sensitive area

Answer 35

end of fibula

Question 36

Which PTB design of transtibial prosthesis is not bearing any load during locomotion

Answer 36

crest/ tubercle of tibia

Question 37

PTB

Answer 37

(patellar tendon bearing) areas of weight bearing

Question 38

Distributes pressures more equally throughout the socket

Answer 38

Total surface bearing (TSB)

Question 38

Pros of no liner in transtibial prosthess cons

Answer 38

less bulk, easier cleaning, fewer perspiration problems more difficult to fit, less comfortable

Question 38

Pros of no viscoelastic (silicon) in transtibial prosthess cons

Answer 38

even pressure, minimal shear forces & shock absorption high cost and weight

Question 39

Comparison of suspensions for the individual with a transtibial amputation Supraconylar cuff +/- & indications

Answer 39

simple durable Adjustable, easy application and replacement not rec for vascular problems or short residual limbs

Question 39

Comparison of suspensions for the individual with a transtibial amputation Supraconylar system (PTB SC) +/- & indications

Answer 39

short residual limb, medial lateral instabilities minimizes vascular problems requires good hand dexterity

Question 40

Comparison of suspensions for the individual with a transtibial amputation Supraconylar suprapatellar (PTB SC/SP) +/- & indications

Answer 40

Short residual limb, medial lateral / anterior posterior ligamentous instabilities minimizes vascular problems, supports knee poor cosmetic appearance, not good for very long residual limb

Question 41

Comparison of suspensions for the individual with a transtibial amputation Thigh corset +/- & indications

Answer 41

excellent stability, short residual limbs, poor knee stability decrease weight on residual limb through side bars, occupations where stability is paramount poor cosmetic appearance, excessive weight, possible quadriceps atrophy

Question 42

Comparison of suspensions for the individual with a transtibial amputation waist belt +/- & indications

Answer 42

auxillary suspension decreases pistoning cumbersome, hygiene problems, poor cosmetic appearance

Question 43

Comparison of suspensions for the individual with a transtibial amputation Sleeve +/- & indications

Answer 43

light weight, auxilaary suspension improved cosmetic appearance, minimal pistoning not durable, sweat, hygiene, no control of knee instability

Question 44

Comparison of suspensions for the individual with a transtibial amputation Pin/shuttle +/- & indications

Answer 44

scarred or sensetive residual limbs, simple improved cosmetic appearance, eliminates strap around knee, decreased shear forces, minimal pistoning not durable, sweat, hygiene, no control of knee instability, expensive