Prosthetic Feet

Question 1

What is happening to the foot in the early stance of gait

Answer 1

Human foot is flexible and it accommodates to uneven terrain and maintains balance

Question 2

What is happening to the foot in the end of stance of gait

Answer 2

Human foot converts to a rigid lever arm for push off at preswing

Question 3

What are 2 functional tasks that occur in early stance from initial contact to loading response

Answer 3

1. Shock absorption-knee flexion moment

2. Transition to foot flat position: GRF is posterior to ankle creating a PF moment driving the foot to the floor

Question 4

How does the prosthetic foot simulate the muscle activity that is occuring during midstance of gait

Answer 4

Through rigid/semi-rigid or flexible keel foot

Question 5

What is a keel

Answer 5

The center line of the foot

Question 6

True or False:
We want to decrease the amount of force placed on the sound side foot in patients with compromised vascular and neurologic systems

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What are the 4 categories of prosthetic feet

Answer 7

1. Non-articulating
2. Articulating
3. Elastic keel
4. Dynamic response

Question 8

What is an example of a non-articulation prosthetic foot

Answer 8

SACH (solid ankle cushioned heel)

Question 9

What is an example of an articulating prosthetic foot

Answer 9

1. Single axis

2. Multiaxial

Question 10

What is an example of an elastic keel prosthetic foot

Answer 10

1. SAFE (solid ankle flexible exoskeleton

2. STEN (stored energy)

Question 11

What is an example of a dynamic response prosthetic foot

Answer 11

1. Seattle
2. Flex foot
3. Springlite
   4 Pathfinder

Question 12

What motions occur with a SACH foot

Answer 12

PF and DF only

Question 13

When is the keel active in a SACH foot

Answer 13

Push-off

Question 14

When is the heal active in a SACH foot

Answer 14

Heel strike

Question 15

What is the keel made of

Answer 15

Wood or plastic

Question 16

Why does the keel only running half to 3/4 of the way down the foot cause a problem

Answer 16

There isn’t a stable surface to push off of causing more knee flexion

Question 17

What does a short keel result in

Answer 17

Rolling onto rubber causing knee flexion resulting in falling down to the ground

Question 18

True or False:

New keels run the entire length of the SACH foot

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What determines when PF occurs in a SACH prosthetic foot

Answer 19

The squishiness of the heel

Question 20

What happens if the heel of a SACH foot is too squishy

Answer 20

PF at the ankle and hyperextension at the knee

Question 21

What happens if the heel of a SACH foot is too firm

Answer 21

DF at the ankle and flexion at the knee

Question 22

What motions does a single axis/exoskeletal prosthetic foot allow

Answer 22

PF and DF

Question 23

What do the bumpers in a single axis/exoskeletal prosthetic foot do

Answer 23

Resist compression

Question 24

What motions does a multiaxial/exoskeletal prosthetic foot allow

Answer 24

PF, DF, IV, and EV

Question 25

What is an elastic keel

Answer 25

Rubberized material that runs all the way to the toes

Question 26

Where does the keel extend in a dynamic response prosthetic foot

Answer 26

Top of the prosthesis

Question 27

What does the keel extending to the top of the prosthesis in a dynamic response prosthetic foot allow for

Answer 27

Motion and loading of the shin area

Question 28

What allows for IV and EV in a dynamic response prosthetic foot

Answer 28

The split down midline

Question 29

True or False: A dynamic response prosthetic foot is better for a tall person because of the longer keel allowing more loading and motion

Answer 29

True

Question 30

In a dynamic response foot with a pneumatic/hydraulic pump what does adding more air do

Answer 30

Leads to less compression so less PF and hyperextension at the knee occur

Question 31

In a dynamic response foot with a pneumatic/hydraulic pump what does removing air do

Answer 31

Leads to more compression so more PF and hyperextension at knee

Question 32

True or False: | The foot should be relatively horizontal to the sole

Answer 32

True

Question 33

How big is the standard prosthetic foot heel

Answer 33

3/4"

Question 34

How big is an athletic prosthetic foot heel

Answer 34

3/8"

Question 35

How is a western boot prosthetic foot heel

Answer 35

2"

Question 36

What is looked at when choosing an appropriate foot (8)

Answer 36

1. Heel height 2. Ability to resist moisture 3. Cosmetic appearance of toes 4. Prosthetic user's activity level 5. Ability or potential to reach a higher level 6. Vocational/recreational 7. Maintenance/distance to prosthetist 8. Team effort/clinic team

Question 37

What is used to label the prosthetic user's ability or potential

Answer 37

Medicare K levels

Question 38

How many medicare K levels are there

Answer 38

5, K0-K4

Question 39

What is K0

Answer 39

To ambulate or transfer safely with or without assistance and a prosthesis does not enhance QOL or mobility

Question 40

What is K1

Answer 40

To use a prosthesis for transfers, or ambulation on level surfaces at a fixed cadence

Question 41

What is K2

Answer 41

Transverse low level barriers, curbs, stairs or uneven surfaces, limited community ambulator

Question 42

What is K3

Answer 42

Variable cadence beyond simple walking

Question 43

What is K4

Answer 43

Ambulatory skills, high impact, children, active adults, and athletes

Question 44

What type of foot is available for K1 and K2

Answer 44

Simplest feet (SACH)

Question 45

What type of foot is available for K3 and K4

Answer 45

Dynamic response feet and more complex

Question 46

Who determines the K level

Answer 46

The physician