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Prosth > Prosth - Occlusion 2 - Border Movements > Flashcards

Prosth - Occlusion 2 - Border Movements Flashcards

1
Q

Mn rotation = movement btw the superior surface of the _________ and the inferior surface of the _________

A

superior of condyle an inferior of articular disc

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2
Q

what are the 3 “planes” that we looked at for mandibular rotation?

A

horizontal (“x-axis”)
frontal/vertical (“y-axis”)
sagittal (“z-axis”)

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3
Q

Horizontal rotation - what is the motion and position of the condyles?

A
  • open/close hinge

- condyles are in CR (most Ant/Sup postion)

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4
Q

frontal/vertical rotation:

(1) what are the 2 different condyles doing
(2) is this a natural motion?

A
  • one condyle - moves anterior out of terminal hinge
  • opposite condyle - remains in terminal hinge

NO - this is not a natural motion

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5
Q

sagittal rotation:

(1) what are the 2 different condyles doing
(2) is this a natural motion?

A
  • one condyle - moves inferior out of terminal hinge
  • opposite condyle - remains in terminal hinge

NO - this is not a natural motion

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6
Q

During which movement of the Mn does translation occur?

what “area” of the joint does this occur? (the superior part or the inferior part)

A
  • Translation occurs when Mn protrudes
  • This happens in the superior portion of the joint cavity
  • note: teeth and Mn move same dorection and to same degree
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7
Q

what are “border movements”

A

reproducible describable limits resulting from the outer range “border” motions of the Mandible

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8
Q

what 3 different “planes” are used to study single-plane border movements?

A

sagittal
horizontal
frontal/vertical

(same as the planes studied for mandibular rotation)

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9
Q

Sagittal plane BM’s
what “anatomical things” are the following sagittal plane border limits determined by:
(1) posterior and anterior limits
(2) superior limits
(3) functional limits (the purple raindrop)

A

(1) PA limits: determined by the ligaments & the morphology of the TM Joint
(2) sup limit: determined by the occlusal/incisal surfaces
(3) functional limits: determined by neuromuscular system

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10
Q

POSTERIOR Opening Border Movements: Stage 1

  • what is the condylar position during 1st stage?
  • how many millimeters does the mandible open during this stage 1 posterior rotational motion (after which it is no longer pure rotation)
A
  • the 1st stage of the post. opening border is when the condyle is in most superior position
  • the Mn can only open 20-25mm before it is NO LONGER rotating.
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11
Q

the_________ (CR, MIP, or CO) position is the most superior condylar position from which a hinge axis movement can occur

A

CR - centric relation

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12
Q

POSTERIOR Opening Border Movements: Stage 2

  • which direction and which type of movement do the condyles make
  • what anatomical structures are “tightening” to make the above happen?
  • what is the total (max) millimeters that the mouth can open?
A

During 2nd stage of posterior opening border movements:

  • the condyles TRANSLATE in an inferior/anterior position (moves down & out)
  • this is accomplished by the tightening of the TM LIGAMENTS
  • MAX open = 40-60mm
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13
Q

ANTERIOR Opening Border Movements:

  • closure is accompanied by contraction of which muscles
  • tightening of which ligaments make the condyles move back posterior when you close
A
  • inferior lateral pterygoids contract to close Mn

- the stylomandibular ligaments must tighten to pull the condyles posterior - back to their “closed” position.

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14
Q 
so again: 
which ligaments OR muscles must tighten to:
(1) open mouth
(2) close mouth
(3) return to "start" posterior spot
A

(1) Temporomandibular ligaments (open)
(2) inferior lateral pterygoid muscles (close)
(3) stylomandibular ligaments (pull it back)

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15
Q

SUPERIOR Contact Border Movements:
initial tooth contact in CR occurs between the ________ (distal or mesial) slope of the Mx teeth and the _________ (D or M) of the Mn teeth.
SLIDE 19

A
  • initial tooth contact (in CR) occurs between:
    mesial of Mx
    distal of Mn

(the is the letter “D” in Mandibular…. “D”istal

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16
Q

SUPERIOR Contact Border Movements:

  • muscular “force” makes a patient move from CO to MIP (a superior and anterior movement from CO to MIP)
  • what percentage of the population has this superior/anterior CO-MIP “slide” - AND -
  • what is the average “distance”that the Mn shifts forward into MIP from CO?
A
  • 90% of the population has a shift from CO to MIP

- the average shift is 1.25mm forward from CO to MIP

17
Q

SUPERIOR Contact Border Movements:
- after the patient moves into MIP and is now tracing the rest of the “superior border” the following events occurs to finish the “trace” of that border…….

A
  1. anterior teeth contact - requires anterior/inferior movement of the mandible (out & down)
  2. you now establish an edge to edge relationship where a purely horizontal path is followed
  3. next the Mn continues to move forward but now in a SUPERIOR direction until posterior teeth contact
  4. the contact of these posterior teeth dictate MAX protusion
  5. You are now DONE with the superior border and you will then be moving next to the anterior border (opening)
18
Q

Functional movements (depicted as the little purple raindrop shape) begin and end @ ___________ (CR, CO, or MIP)

A

MIP

19
Q

how far (in mm’s) below the MIP does the jaw sit when you are at “postural position”?

A

postural position of the Mn is 2-4mm below MIP position. we don’t normally walk around with our teeth in MIP

20
Q

the “postural position” was also referred to the “functionally ready” position (by Dr. James)….. how is this postural/functionally ready position “maintained”? By the _______ reflex.

A

maintained by the MYOSTATIC reflex = this is the “rebound” that you experience if you press your jaw down a little.

21
Q

Clinical rest postion is _____mm inferior to and ______mm anterior to MIP

A

8mm inferior to
3mm anterior to

(I interpret this as if you tip you head down a little) —– versus postural rest position = when you sit upright with good posture, you are only dropping straight down from MIP 2-4mm, not falling anterior as in clinical rest position (slide 25)

22
Q

FUNCTIONAL movements:

describe the “chewing stroke”

A
  1. begins @ MIP
  2. drop down & forward
  3. returns posterior
23
Q

what do the shapes of the following border movements resemble:
Horizontal
Frontal/vertical
sagittal

A

horizontal (baseball diamond)
vertical (looks like a big “V”)
sagittal (looks like a huge fang saber tooth tiger)

24
Q

Envelope of Motion:

A
  • combines all 3 border movements into a 3D model
  • depicts Max range of motion
  • has a characteristic shape but varies with individuals
25
Q

Envelope of Motion:

(1) the superior borders of the envelope are determined by________?
(2) the anterior and posterior borders of the envelope are determined by the _______ and _______ anatomy

A

(1) teeth

(2) ligaments and joint

Prosth (2 decks)

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