Prostate (pathology) Flashcards
chronic bacterial prostatitis
recurrent UTI
dx: massage prostate –> secretion
lower back pain
burning urine
suprapubic area discomfort
acute bacterial prostatitis
with UTIs
bacterial cultures (E.coli, enterococci, s. aureus)
tender and boggy
dx: fluid from prostate
chronic Abacterial prostatitis
sexually active men (MC)
no Hx of UTI
Chlamydia = no culture
Features of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
90% - 70s (estrogen +)
DHT
estrogen (sensitizes prostate to grow) = bc liver metabolism –
PAS (4-10)
gross of prostate hyperplasia?
1-enlarged and nodular prostate
2-no increased risk of malignancy
3-double layering/convolusions
Clinical features of b. prostatic hyperplasia?
chronic urine stasis (bladder diverticulae)
- acute urinary retention
- stopping stream
What is CHRONIC URINE STASIS?
bladder diverticulae
bilateral hydronephrosis –> CRF
Tx. Trans Urethral Resection of Prostate (TURP)
produces “TURP chips”
features of carcinoma of prostate
MC in men 2nd to lung cancer
>50yrs, Africans (b/c ++testosterone)
most occult
“back to back” arrangement of glands
no hyperplasia of gland = cells proliferation
(posterior part)
What do you see in histology for carcinoma of prostate?
1 layer of cuboidal cells with prominent nucleoli
back to back arrangement
How is the spread of carcinoma of prostate?
osteoblastic metastasis! - bone forming
What is the grading in carcinoma?
GLEASON’S grading
2-10 scores
What is the Gleason’s grading for prostate carcinoma?
1-well formed glands
5-no gland formed, sheets of cells, irregular, prominent nucleoli
Diagnostic features of prostate carcinoma?
- digital rectal exam
- US
- needle biopsy (mandatory)
- PAP (prostatic acid phosphatase)
- PSA antigen >10
What is the treatment of prostate carcinoma?
surgery
RT
cryotherapy (chemo)
hormonal Rx
What is the prognosis of prostate carcinoma?
grade 5 - bad prognosis (10/10 score)
