prostate cancer

Question 1

premalignant changes in prostate ancer

Answer 1

• Prostate Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)
– Associated with prostate cancer (PC)
– Similar genetic changes as PC
– Precedes PC by 10 to 15 yrs
– May not always progress to PC
• May be alternative pathways to PC

Question 2

stagin

Answer 2

• T1- not clinically detectable
• T2- restricted to gland
• T3a: Outside the Gland
• T3b into seminal vesicle
• T4 other organs and structures

Question 3

risk factoras ffor prostate cancer

Answer 3

• Age:
• Genetic:
– 1
st degree relative 2x risk
– BRACA2-
– Combination of SNPs
–X10 risk
• Diet:
• Drugs and endocrine manipulation:
– Androgen related

Question 4

mets

Answer 4

Spreads by lymphatics and blood: sclerotic
secondary’s in pelvis